McAlary, T.
ESTCP Project ER-200830, 358 pp, 2014

This report documents a demonstration/validation of passive diffusive samplers for assessing soil vapor, indoor air, and outdoor air concentrations of VOCs at sites with potential human health risks attributable to subsurface vapor intrusion to indoor air. The passive samplers tested were the 1) SKC Ultra and Ultra II, 2) Radiello®, 3) Waterloo Membrane Sampler, 4) Automated Thermal Desorption tubes, and 5) 3M OVM 3500. The program included laboratory testing under controlled conditions for 10 VOCs (including chlorinated ethenes, ethanes, and methanes, and aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons) spanning a range of properties and including some compounds expected to pose challenges (naphthalene and methyl ethyl ketone). The samplers also were field tested on indoor air, outdoor air, subslab vapor, and deeper soil vapor at several DoD facilities. All of the passive samplers provided data that met the success criteria under some or most conditions. Most of the passive samplers provided highly reproducible results throughout the demonstrations. Overall costs of monitoring with passive samplers were comparable to or lower than monitoring with conventional methods because of the simplicity of the sampling protocols and reduced shipping charges. The study team comprised individuals highly experienced with passive samplers in general and each of the five samplers tested in particular. https://www.estcp.com/content/download/31761/310778/file/ER-200830-FR.pdf