This report provides brief summaries of 84 in situ flushing projects conducted between 1988 and 1998. Examples:
- At the Koppers Co. Inc., Seaboard Plant, Kearny, NJ, water flooding (i.e, the use of hydraulic pressure achieved via groundwater injection and recirculation) was used to mobilize coal tar and creosote toward collection trenches.
- In a small-scale field demonstration at a private wood treating site in Laramie, WY, 144,000 gallons (28 pv) of water were cycled between the delivery and recovery drain lines to displace mobile free-phase oil, followed by delivery of 30,000 gallons of flushing solution (alkaline agents, polymer, and surfactants) into the test cell. Next, 10,000 gallons (2 pv) of Polystep A-7R were used to produce reusable wood-preserving oil, followed by 10,000 gallons (2 pv) of Makon-10R to achieve lower cleanup levels. After the first 20,000 gallons of flushing solution delivery, 10,000 gallons (2 pv) of water were delivered. An additional 10,000 gallons (2 pv) of Makon-10R then were delivered to the cell, followed by 150,000 gallons (30 pv) of water to displace mobilized oil and flushing solution remaining in the aquifer.
- At a Fredricksburg, VA, wood treating site, flushing with a combination of an alkaline agent, surfactant, and polymer was used to recover creosote-based wood-treating oils from soil.
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