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Sensor Technologies Used During Site Remediation Activities - Selected Experiences Published 2005
The EPA prepared this report to provide an overview of several types of sensor technologies and a summary of selected experiences with using the technologies during site remediation activities. The report highlights the applications, implementation, strengths and limitations, and lessons learned from actual projects that have used one or more sensor technologies as part of an overall site remediation strategy. Appendices one through seven provide case studies for specific sites that have used sensor technologies during site remediation activities.


Site Characterization Technologies for DNAPL Investigations Published 2004
The U.S. EPA has compiled this summary of information on the current state of technologies available for locating and characterizing dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) contaminated sites. This document is intended to help managers at sites with potential or confirmed DNAPL contamination identify suitable characterization technologies, screen the technologies for potential application, learn about applications at similar sites, and locate additional information on these technologies.


Site Characterization and Monitoring Technologies: Bibliography of EPA Information Resources Published 1998
Identifies EPA reports and publications on evaluations and use of innovative characterization and monitoring technologies. NOTE: The publications listed in this bibliography are listed under the Site Characterization section of the Indexed List of Publications.


Site Characterization for Munitions Constituents: EPA Federal Facilities Forum Issue Paper Published 2012
This issue paper was developed by the Federal Facilities Forum of EPA's Technical Support Project to provide personnel working on hazardous waste sites with the technical information they need to decide how to investigate sites contaminated with chemicals associated with military explosives and propellants. The paper addresses the nature of energetic residues on Defense training ranges and other munitions sites, sampling strategies that provide representative samples, and analytical methods developed to characterize these samples. Munitions safety issues do not fall within the scope of the issue paper.


Site Remediation Technology InfoBase: A Guide to Federal Programs, Information Resources, and Publications on Contaminated Site Cleanup Technologies, Second Edition Published 2000
Identifies programs, resources, and publications on contaminated site cleanup technologies within the federal government.


Smart Scoping for Environmental Investigations Technical Guide Published 2018
EPA has issued three technical guides to assist environmental professionals in scoping, data management and strategic sampling activities at hazardous waste sites. EPA intends for the guides to strengthen Superfund site characterization activities to facilitate stronger site remedy decisions and improved remedy performance, among other objectives. This technical guide describes the use of "smart scoping" practices during any phase of a Superfund remedial investigation's project life cycle or in accordance with other similar federal, state or tribal regulatory authorities. Use of these practices can support the development of a robust conceptual site model (CSM), which, in turn, helps improve response action development, selection and implementation. Two additional companion technical guides should be used in conjunction with this smart scoping technical guide: Strategic Sampling Approaches and Best Practices for Data Management.


Soil Amendments for Remediation, Revitalization, and Reuse Tools: Fact Sheet Published 2007
This fact sheet describes two tools developed by U.S. EPA in cooperation with 18 federal and local government, academic, and private sector experts. These tools-a white paper titled 'The Use of Soil Amendments for Remediation, Revitalization, and Reuse' and an Internet website and search engine titled 'Soil Remediation, Revitalization, and Reuse: Technical Performance Measures'-are designed to encourage and assist site cleanup managers to use soil amendments for remediation, revitalization, and reuse of their sites resulted from this collaboration.


Soil Sampling Quality Assurance User's Guide Published 1989
Reliable environmental decisions require data of known quality, which in turn requires an adequate QA/QC program to identify and control sources of error. When investigating a relatively inhomogeneous medium such as soil, the sampling component introduces much greater error than the analytical component. This document explains vital aspects of a representative sampling and analysis design, such as the concept of 'sample support,' using real-world examples and detailed discussion.


Soil Vapor Extraction (SVE) Enhancement Technology Resource Guide: Air Sparging, Bioventing, Fracturing, Thermal Enhancements Published 1995
Identifies information resources intended to aid users in remedial decisions. Includes abstracts of field reports and guidance documents.


Solar Power Installations on Closed Landfills: Technical and Regulatory Considerations Published 2009
This document was prepared by Gabriel Sampson, a National Network for Environmental Management Studies (NNEMS) grantee under a fellowship from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. This paper examines the current nature of solar energy developments on closed landfills using the following focal areas: (1) solar power system considerations with respect to landfill applications, (2) landfill technical and engineering considerations, and (3) regulatory considerations. Research results indicate that numerous engineering techniques and solar technologies are available to facilitate the placement of solar energy systems on closed landfills. Results also indicate that the permitting and regulatory process is complicated by disparate but specific state and local government requirements. Though this study focuses narrowly on the technical and regulatory affairs of constructing solar farms on closed landfills, it also has applications to the placement of solar energy systems in broader settings. The views detailed in this study are designed to inform decision makers and stakeholders and to facilitate the design, construction, and operation of future solar installations on closed landfills.


Solidification/Stabilization Resource Guide Published 1999
This Solidification/Stabilization Resource Guide is intended to inform site cleanup managers of recently-published materials such as field reports and guidance documents that address issues relevant to solidification/stabilization technologies. In addition to a short abstract for each of the resources listed, the guide includes a look-up table that allows the user to quickly scan the contents. Information on how to obtain a specific document also is included.


Solidification/Stabilization Use at Superfund Sites Published 2000
To provide interested stakeholders such as project managers, technology service providers, consulting engineers, site owners, and the general public with the most recent information about solidification/stabilization applications at Superfund sites, as well as information about trends in use, specific types of applications, and cost, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) performed a review and analysis of solidification/stabilization applications and prepared this summary.


State Coalition for Remediation of Drycleaners (SCRD) 10-Year Accomplishments Report Published 2008
This report documents SCRD's work since 1998 in fostering collaboration among the states to improve and ensure the effectiveness of the cleanup of environmental contamination from drycleaner sites with support from EPA's Technology Innovation and Field Services Division and the National Ground Water Association. SCRD is composed of 13 states—Alabama, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, Oregon, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Wisconsin—that have enacted formal drycleaner remediation programs and other states that are active in the remediation of drycleaner sites under other authorities, including state voluntary cleanup and brownfields programs.


Status Report on Innovative In Situ Treatment Technologies Available to Treat Perchlorate-Contaminated Groundwater Published 2006
This document was prepared by Jennifer Raye Hoponick, a National Network of Environmental Management studies grantee, under a fellowship from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. This report is intended to provide information regarding the in situ remediation of perchlorate-contaminated groundwater. This report focuses on, but is not limited to, using in situ bioremediation as a low-cost treatment technology shown to be effective in treating perchlorate under multiple configurations and different site types. The case studies are designed to serve as examples of successful in situ bioremediation projects that were designed differently and located at separate sites.


Status of EPA’s Interim Assessment Guidance for Perchlorate Published 2003
The purpose of this memorandum is to provide information concerning the status of the interim assessment guidance for perchlorate originally transmitted on June 18, 1999 (the '1999 Interim Guidance'). This memorandum was developed in response to requests from EPA Programs, Regions and individual states for a clarification concerning the Agency’s guidance in light of more recent assessment activities. As an interim measure and in the absence of a finalized oral health risk benchmark for perchlorate, EPA is reaffirming the 1999 interim guidance. The 1999 interim guidance may be replaced upon finalization of the 2002 Draft Assessment.


Strategic Sampling Approaches Technical Guide Published 2018
EPA has issued three technical guides to assist environmental professionals in scoping, data management and strategic sampling activities at hazardous waste sites. EPA intends for the guides to strengthen Superfund site characterization activities to facilitate stronger site remedy decisions and improved remedy performance, among other objectives. The purpose of this technical guide is to assist environmental professionals in identifying where strategic sampling approaches may benefit data collection activities at their project or site and what sampling approach may be most effective given site conditions. Two additional companion technical guides should be used in conjunction with this strategic sampling approaches technical guide: Smart Scoping for Environmental Investigations and Best Practices for Data Management.


Strategy to Ensure Institutional Control Implementation at Superfund Sites (OSWER Dir. 9355.0-106) Published 2004
This document sets forth EPA's strategy (Strategy) for ensuring that institutional controls (ICs) are successfully implemented at Superfund sites, with an emphasis on evaluating ICs at sites where all construction of all remedies is complete (construction complete sites). This Strategy will serve as a roadmap for EPA regional and headquarters personnel in preparing Region specific action plans and conducting the work necessary to ensure the proper implementation of ICs at Superfund sites. This work includes gathering and entering information in the Institutional Controls Tracking System (ICTS), evaluating the data generated through ICTS, prioritizing and conducting site-specific followup activities, building the capacity to better manage and review IC information, and coordinating with other interested parties.


Streamlining Site Cleanup in New York City Published 2010
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Brownfields and Land Revitalization Technology Support Center (BTSC) and the New York City (NYC) Mayor’s Office of Environmental Remediation (OER) have jointly prepared this document as a technical transfer resource for organizations and individuals involved in the redevelopment of contaminated properties in NYC. This joint effort, supported by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYS DEC), advances the environmental cleanup goals of PlaNYC 2030, the city’s comprehensive sustainability plan. The purpose of this document is to present how Triad Approach best management practices (BMP) for site investigation and remediation advance EPA’s and NYC Mayor’s Office initiatives in the areas of community revitalization and Brownfields redevelopment.


Subsurface Containment and Monitoring Systems: Barriers and Beyond Published 1999
This report was prepared under grant for EPA by Leslie Pearlman, a National Network of Environmental Management Studies (NNEMS) fellow. The document is intended to provide a basic summary and current status on subsurface barriers-vertical and horizontal-with an emphasis on the emerging and innovative vertical barrier technologies. It is not intended to be an inclusive report; it merely provides an overview of the existing work in the field on subsurface barrier technologies. The information was gathered from a range of available sources, including project documents, reports, periodicals, Internet searches, and personal communication with involved parties.


Subsurface Remediation: Improving Long-Term Monitoring and Remedial Systems Performance Conference Proceedings Published 2000
This document summarizes the presentations and workshops of a conference on improving long-term monitoring (LTM) and remedial systems performance that was held in St. Louis, Missouri between June 8th to 11th, 1999. The conference was sponsored and developed by the Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable. The conference was designed to provide up-to-date information on LTM and systems optimization through presentations and topical workshops.


Summary of Key Existing EPA CERCLA Policies for Groundwater Restoration Published 2009
This Directive provides a compilation of some key existing EPA groundwater policies to assist EPA Regions in making groundwater restoration decisions pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) and the National Contingency Plan (NCP).


Summary of Recent Improvements in Methods for the Study of Contaminated and Potentially Contaminated Sites Published 1997
The Triad approach is built from the experiences and successes of seasoned field practitioners. Since the 1980s, there have been on-going experimentation with various strategies to speed up site characterization and remediation processes. A review of these strategies was prepared for EPA in 1997. The Triad approach embraces and builds upon these efforts.


Summary of Workshop on Biodegradation of MTBE Published 2001
A workshop on biodegradation of MTBE-contaminated soils and groundwater was held in Cincinnati, OH, on February 1-3, 2000. Researchers in academia, industry, and government agencies were invited to attend and present current research. The goals of the workshop were to: gain an understanding of the types of MTBE research that various organizations are conducting and of the conclusions that this research is generating; identify the remaining research needs on MTBE biodegradability; and understand what research is being planned for the future and to identify potential opportunities for collaboration.


Summitville Mine: Produced by U.S. EPA Environmental Response Team
At the Summitville Mine site in Colorado, highly contaminated water runs through an abandoned mine shaft. The investigation that is underway focuses on the presence and nature of fractures in the adjacent rock where the water could migrate, leach metals, and eventually contaminate the environment downstream. Engineers at the site believe plugging the shaft can control the contaminant flow leaving the mine while inhibiting the leaching process. In this presentation, the Environmental Response cameras highlight the challenges of solving the environmental problems at this site. Running time is 10 minutes.


Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) Technology Profiles - Tenth Edition Published 1997
The SITE profiles documents, prepared between July 1998 and October 1999, are intended as a reference guide for those interested in technologies participating in the SITE Demonstration Program (Volume I), Emerging Technology Program (Volume II), Monitoring and Measurement Technologies (MMT) Program (Volume III).


Superfund Optimization Progress Report October 2020 Published 2020
This report provides updates on the status of optimization reviews conducted during fiscal year (FY) 2015 through FY 2017 and includes optimization-related technical support projects that were substantially completed through 2018. Optimization reviews typically identify several opportunities for improvements. These improvements are organized into five recommendation categories, remedy effectiveness, cost reduction, technical improvement, site closure, and energy and material efficiency. Project highlights demonstrate results achieved from optimization reviews and optimization-related technical support projects and exemplify how the optimization program applies and promotes best practices to improve site cleanup.


Superfund Reform Strategy: Optimization of Fund-lead Ground Water Pump and Treat (P&T) Systems (Directive 9283.1-13) Published 2000
In the OSWER Directive No. 9200.0-33, Transmittal of Final FY’00 - FY’01 Superfund Reforms Strategy, dated July 7, 2000, the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response outlined a commitment to optimize our Fund-lead pump and treat (P&T) systems. The Optimization Initiative is intended to encourage systematic review and modification to existing P&T systems to enhance overall remedy effectiveness and cost effectiveness, without compromising protectiveness or other objectives of the Superfund program. It provides EPA an opportunity to demonstrate our commitment to effective management of our long-term remedies. This effort recognizes that remedial approaches should not remain static, that site conditions change over time, and that better tools and strategies have evolved which allow us to continuously improve the performance of the remedy. This reform initiative does not signal any change in EPA’s decision-making framework for selecting remedies that are protective of human health and the environment. Any remedy modifications should be carried out in accordance with existing guidance and policy regarding ROD modifications and the Administrative Record.


Superfund Remedy Report, 17th Edition Published 2020
EPA prepares the Superfund Remedy Report to provide information and analyses on remedies EPA selected to address contamination at Superfund National Priorities List and Superfund Alternative Approach sites. This report is the latest in a series, prepared since 1991, on Superfund remedy selection. The latest edition focuses on the analysis of Superfund remedial actions selected in fiscal years 2018, 2019, and 2020.

The data that forms the basis of the analyses contained in SRR 17th Edition can be found at Superfund Data and Reports by downloading Contaminant of Concern Data for Decision Documents by Media and Remedy Component Data for Decision Documents by Media.


Superfund Response Action Contractor Indemnification Rule
The Superfund Response Action Contractor Indemnification Rule (58 FR 5972), which was issued on 1/25/93, includes provisions that allow lower deductibles for contractors using innovative treatment technologies.


Superfund Response Action Contractor Indemnification Rule
The Superfund Response Action Contractor Indemnification Rule (58 FR 5972), which was issued on 1/25/93, includes provisions that allow lower deductibles for contractors using innovative treatment technologies.


Superfund Seniors: Produced by U.S. EPA Environmental Response Team
The learning experiences of 12 students from Washington D.C.’s Duke Ellington School for the Gifted and Talented are chronicled while the group attends a 6-week internship at the U.S. EPA headquarters. Filmed during the summer of 1989, the video illustrates the highlights of the students’ experiences both in the classroom and on field trips to the Coast Guard National Response Center, a Superfund site, a laboratory, and an emergency response team location. Running time is 12 minutes.


Surfactant-Enhanced Aquifer Remediation (SEAR) Implementation Manual Published Londergan, J. and L. Yeh. Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center. NFESC Technical Report TR-2219-ENV54, 54 pp, 2003


Survey of Munitions Response Technologies Published 2006
The Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP), Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP), and the Interstate Technology Regulatory Council (ITRC) jointly developed this Munitions Response Technology document. This document provides an overview of the current status of technologies used for munitions response (MR) actions and, where possible, evaluates and quantifies their performance capabilities. It provides project managers and regulators an understanding of the performance capabilities of available technologies under real-world site conditions. Detailed observations and critical considerations in the application of munitions technologies are discussed, with particular emphasis on detection technologies


Survey of Technologies for Monitoring Containment Liners and Covers Published 2004
The report provides information on innovative long-term monitoring technologies to detect contaminant releases beneath a liner containment system and identify potential problems with the integrity of final containment covers. Several of the technologies were specifically intended for vadose zone containment monitoring, while others were designed for leak detection or moisture measurements in other industries (petroleum, chemical, agricultural, geological exploration). The report summarizes available information on these technologies and provides examples of where the technology has been used. Information in the report can be used to provide some preliminary assessment on the applicability of these technologies.


Synopses of Federal Demonstrations of Innovative Site Remediation Technologies Published 1993
Abstracts documenting the results of demonstrations of treatment technologies conducted by Federal Agencies involved in Superfund Remediation and RCRA and UST Corrective Actions.


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