| In December 2008, a dike containing about 20 million cubic yards of coal ash from power plant operations failed and released over 5 million cubic yards of coal ash into the Emory River and adjacent land. The spill had significant effects on the community and environment. Aquatic organisms and shorelines were buried in coal ash. Cleanup was needed to ensure the protection of human health and the environment. The cleanup process considered ecological revitalization of the site and surrounding area as an integral part of all response activities. A team of biologists, landscape architects, and engineers worked together to integrate plantings and ecological aspects as components of the cleanup activities. An ecosystem was created by planting a mosaic of forested, scrub-shrub, and emergent wetland plant communities, as well as native trees and seeds in disturbed areas. Today, there are frequent bird sightings at the site, including white ibises, cattle egret, and herons. |
EPA 542-F-16-003
Download (14.4MB/16pp/PDF)
|
|
| Provide technical guidance for the implementation of sampling protocols for tanks and other confined spaces from outside the vessel. |
|
Download (475KB/21pp/PDF)
|
|
A newsletter that provides descriptions and performance data for innovative source control technologies that have been applied in the field.
Note: Tech Trends has been replaced by Technology News and Trends, a technology newsletter for environmental professionals published by EPA's Technology Innovation Program (TIP). Both Tech Trends and Ground Water Currents, which have been published for the past 10 years, have been combined to form Technology News and Trends. The new newsletter features a combination of articles on innovative, in-situ technologies for the characterization and treatment of soil, sediment, and ground water. |
EPA 542-N-02-001
View Technology News and Trends
Browse or Search Index of Past Issues
|
|
| This fact sheet, developed by the U.S. EPA Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office (FFRRO), provides a brief summary of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), including its physical and chemical properties; environmental and health impacts; existing federal and state guidelines; detection and treatment methods; and additional sources of information. While TNT is not identified as an emerging contaminant by the Department of Defense (DoD), this compound accounts for a large part of the explosives contamination at active and former U.S. military installations. With its manufacturing impurities and environmental transformation products, TNT presents various health and environmental concerns. This fact sheet is intended for use by site managers and field personnel who may address TNT contamination at cleanup sites or in drinking water supplies. |
EPA 505-F-17-009
View or Download
|
|
| This fact sheet, developed by the U.S. EPA Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office (FFRRO), provides a brief summary of the emerging contaminants Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), including its physical and chemical properties; environmental and health impacts; existing federal and state guidelines; detection and treatment methods; and additional sources of information. RDX is a secondary explosive that is used extensively by the U.S. military in the manufacturing of explosives. With its manufacturing impurities and environmental transformation products, this compound accounts for a large part of the explosives contamination at active and former U.S. military installations. This fact sheet is intended for use by site managers and field personnel who may address RDX contamination at cleanup sites or in drinking water supplies. |
EPA 505-F-17-008
View or Download
|
|
| This fact sheet, developed by the U.S. EPA Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office (FFRRO), provides a brief summary of the emerging contaminant N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), including physical and chemical properties; environmental and health impacts; existing federal and state guidelines; detection and treatment methods; and additional sources of information. NDMA is an emerging drinking water contaminant that is of interest to the environmental community because of its miscibility with water, as well as its carcinogenicity and toxicity. This fact sheet is intended for use by site managers and other field personnel who may address NDMA contamination at cleanup sites or in drinking water supplies. |
EPA 505-F-17-005
View or Download
|
|
| This fact sheet, developed by the U.S. EPA Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office (FFRRO), provides a brief summary of the emerging contaminant perchlorate, including physical and chemical properties; environmental and health impacts; existing federal and state guidelines; detection and treatment methods; and additional sources of information. Perchlorate is a persistent contaminant of concern that has presented a number of issues to the government, the private sector, and other organizations and interested parties. These issues include health effects and risk, regulatory standards and cleanup levels, degradation processes, and treatment technologies. This fact sheet provides basic information on perchlorate to site managers and other field personnel who are addressing perchlorate contamination at cleanup sites or in drinking water supplies. |
EPA 505-F-17-003
View or Download
|
|
| This fact sheet, developed by the U.S. EPA Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office (FFRRO), provides a brief summary for tungsten, including: physical and chemical properties; environmental and health impacts; existing federal and state guidelines; detection and treatment methods; and additional sources of information. Tungsten was originally considered a metal that remains stable in soil and did not dissolve easily in water. However, it is now a growing concern to EPA and the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) because recent research indicates that tungsten may not be as stable as was indicated in earlier studies. Furthermore, varying soil properties such as pH may cause tungsten to dissolve and leach into the underlying aquifer. Currently, little information is available about the fate and transport of tungsten in the environment and its effects on human health. Research about tungsten is ongoing and includes health effects and risks, degradation processes, and an inventory of its use in the defense industry as a substitute for lead-based munitions. This fact sheet provides basic information on tungsten to site managers and other field personnel who may be faced with tungsten contamination at cleanup sites. |
EPA 505-F-17-006
View or Download
|
|
| This fact sheet, developed by the U.S. EPA Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office (FFRRO), provides a brief summary of the emerging contaminant 1,2,3-trichloropropane (TCP), including physical and chemical properties; environmental and health impacts; existing federal and state guidelines; detection and treatment methods; and sources of additional information. TCP is an emerging contaminant of interest to the government, private sector, and other parties. It is recognized by the State of California to cause cancer and is a known toxin. The State of Hawaii has established a state maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 0.6 micrograms per liter (µg/L). This fact sheet is intended for use by site managers and other field personnel in addressing TCP contamination at cleanup sites or in drinking water supplies. |
EPA 505-F-17-007
View or Download
|
|
| A draft of the final guidance document 'Technical Impracticability Waivers: Guidelines for Site Applicability and the Application Process' is presented in this report. The purpose of the final document is to present information on technical impracticability (TI) waivers, including the definition of 'technical impracticability', the regulatory implications of a TI Waiver, the TI application process, review process and final documentation of TI Decisions. The guidance document will use case studies from sites that have already obtained TI Waivers to illustrate how this process works in reality, how it may vary with individual sites and how it may vary within different EPA regions. |
|
Download (716K/PDF)
|
|
| Provides guidance for environmental managers on the steps that must be taken to understand the rate and extent to which natural processes are reducing contaminant concentrations at sites that are contaminated by chlorinated solvents. Data collected with this protocol can be used to evaluate natural attenuation through biological processes as part of a protective overall site remedy. The protocol is the result of a collaborative field and laboratory research effort involving researchers from U.S. EPA/ORD, the U. S. Air Force, and the U.S. Geological Survey. |
EPA 600-R-98-128
Download (2.5MB/PDF)
|
|
| This Technical Resource Document contains the latest information on the use of solidification/stabilization for the treatment of hazardous waste, assembled by Battelle in close consultation with a distinguished panel of experts eminently renowned in this field. It addresses several issues including such important questions as to when this technology is appropriate for a specific waste and when it is not. |
EPA 530-R-93-012
Download Part 1 (4.9MB/PDF)
Download Part 2 (5.0MB/PDF)
Download Part 3 (4.3MB/PDF)
|
|
| This report provides an overview of the treatment technologies used to remediate groundwater, soil, and drinking water contaminated with MtBE and other fuel oxygenates. The treatment methods discussed include air sparging, soil vapor extraction, multi-phase extraction, in situ and ex situ bioremediation, in situ chemical oxidation, pump-and-treat, and drinking water treatment. Information in the report can be used to help evaluate those technologies based on their effectiveness at specific sites. The report summarizes available performance and cost information for these technologies, examples of where each has been used, and additional sources of information. |
EPA 542-R-04-009
Download (2.2MB/106pp/PDF)
Download Appendix A (9.8MB/108pp/PDF)
View MtBE Treatment Profiles
Download Paper 'Cost of In situ Treatment of Fuel Oxygenates' (512K/12pp/PDF)
Download Paper 'Application and Performance of Technologies for Treatment of MTBE and Other Oxygenates' (187K/12pp/PDF)
|
|
| A short paper presented at the International Symposium and Exhibition on Waste Management in Asian Cities (Hong Kong, October 20, 2000). It describes the kinds of contamination, media, and technologies most commonly deployed to deal with problems at these contaminated sites in the Superfund program. In addition, it highlights technology partnerships that have evolved to demonstrate and verify site measurement and clean up technologies and to assure a more robust set of clean-up options. Finally, the advent of the internet has increased access to a considerable body of publicly available information on the cost and performance of these technologies. Key resources on this subject are identified and discussed. |
|
Download (166K/PDF)
|
|
|
| This report, compiled by the Ground-Water Remediation Technologies Center (GWRTAC), provides a review of phytoremediation technologies. Information was gathered primarily from peer-reviewed papers and publications and, in some instances, from personal communication with involved parties. |
|
Download (346K/PDF)
|
|
| This report, compiled by the Ground-Water Remediation Technologies Center (GWRTAC), provides a review of technologies for remediation of metals-contaminated soils and groundwater. Information was gathered primarily from peer-reviewed papers and publications and, in some instances, from personal communication with involved parties. |
|
Download (275K/PDF)
|
|
| This report prepared by the Ground Water Remediation Technologies Analysis Center (GWRTAC) provides a state of the art review of treatment walls. Information used to prepare this report was gathered primarily from peer-reviewed papers and publications. Report contains a description of the technology and information on performance, cost, applicability, regulatory/policy requirements, lessons learned, and general references. |
|
Download (423K/PDF)
|
|
| The Technology Innovation News Survey contains market/commercialization information; reports on demonstrations, feasibility studies and research; and other news relevant to the hazardous waste community interested in technology development. This report is updated every two weeks. |
View Current Survey
Search Archives
|
|
|
| This report, prepared by the Ground Water Remediation Technologies Analysis Center (GWRTAC), provides a brief overview of air sparging, including an introduction to its general principles, reported applicability and utilization, and cited advantages/disadvantages. |
|
Download (180K/PDF)
|
|
| This report prepared by the Ground Water Remediation Technologies Analysis Center (GWRTAC) provides an introduction to the general principles of the electrokinetic technology, its criteria for application, performance, advantages and limitations to use, selected commercial applications, and references. |
|
Download (130K/PDF)
|
|
| This report, prepared by the Ground Water Remediation Technologies Analysis Center (GWRTAC), provides an introduction to the general principles of the in situ bioremediation technology, its criteria for application, performance, advantages and limitations to use, selected commercial applications, and references. |
|
Download (112K/PDF)
|
|
| This report prepared by the Ground Water Remediation Technologies Analysis Center (GWRTAC) provides an introduction to the general principles of in situ flushing technology, its criteria for application, performance, advantages and limitations to use, and references. |
|
Download (182K/PDF)
|
|
| In-well vapor stripping technology involves the creation of a ground-water circulation pattern and simultaneous aeration within the stripping well to volatilize VOCs from the circulating ground water. Air-lift pumping is used to lift ground water and strip it of contaminants. Contaminated vapors may be drawn off for aboveground treatment or released to the vadose zone for biodegradation. Partially treated ground water is forced out of the well into the vadose zone where it reinfiltrates to the water table. Untreated ground water enters the well at its base, replacing the water lifted through pumping. Eventually, the partially treated water is cycled back through the well through this process until contaminant concentration goals are met. |
|
Download (258K/PDF)
|
|
| Solidification/Stabilization (S/S) is a widely used treatment technology to prevent migration and exposure of contaminants from a contaminated media (i.e. soil, sludge and sediment). Solidification refers to a process that binds a contaminated media with a reagent changing its physical properties. Stabilization refers to the process that involves a chemical reaction that reduces the leachability of a waste. S/S treatment and application is primarily used at hazardous waste sites. This Technology Performance Review (TPR) includes a discussion on several sites, and addresses important factors to consider in the selection of S/S treatment. Each S/S case study has a brief project description, regulatory status, S/S treatment process that includes binder materials used, and a summary of the performance data. Estimated treatment costs and maintenance activities are also included when available. Estimated costs must be adjusted for inflation and current material price increases. |
EPA 600-R-09-148
Download (863 KB/28pp/PDF)
|
|
| This manual is intended to assist decision makers with the evaluation and potential application of surfactant/cosolvent flushing for the remediation of subsurface contamination. The report provides a basic understanding of the technologies, their applicability and limitations, and an understanding of the factors to be considered when implementing projects. |
|
View Document
|
|
| Describes the procedures required for the measurement of temperature and percent relative humidity (%RH) using an OMEGAETTE HH314 digital humidity temperature meter. |
|
Download (363KB/7pp/PDF)
|
|
| The objective of this procedure is to evaluate potential toxicity of sediment to two common freshwater benthic bioindicator species, a freshwater amphipod Hyalella azteca and a midge Chironomus tentans. |
|
Download (171KB/10pp/PDF)
|
|
| This report aims to summarise the main conclusions on emerging issues concerning the implementation of biological soil treatment in general at EU level, as well at national and regional level in some of the EU Member States. The report does not claim to be complete and is not able to describe issues in full detail, but it does identify some of the main barriers. Many of the conclusions are not only applicable to biological remediation but to any treatment methods. The information has been collected and researched between 2000 and 2001/2002. The main information has been abstracted from the various soils and waste and permit/license laws/acts, from literature and from many interviews both with the main stakeholders such as the various authorities at EU, national, regional level and with the various parties performing the actual remediation in the field such as contractors and consultants. The report explains the general approach, and describes the fate of contaminated soils at present in EU Member States, and looks into the various options how to improve that situation. |
|
Download (504K/PDF)
|
|
| This paper provides EPA's analysis of the data to determine carbon sequestration rates at three diverse sites that differ in geography/location, weather, soil properties, type of contamination, and age. The first site, located at high elevation in Leadville, Colorado, suffered from contamination due to mining. The site was amended with biosolid cakes, biosolids pellets, biosolid compost, and limestone starting in 1998. The second site, located in Stafford County, Virginia, had highly reduced, high-sulfur soils resulting from construction activities for an airport at the site. When exposed to air, these soils rapidly acidified, causing acid runoff that contaminated local streams. The site was amended with biosolids in 2002. The third site, Sharon Steel, is located at the border of Pennsylvania and Ohio and was contaminated through the application of by-products associated with manufacturing steel. At Sharon Steel, soil amendments were applied as part of a field demonstration project in 2008. |
EPA 542-R-10-003
Dowload (5.1MB/56pp/PDF)
|
|
| Describes the method for sampling terrestrial plant communities on hazardous waste sites. Analysis of vegetation will be used, in conjunction with other bioassessment techniques, to assess the impact of site contamination on plant life. |
|
Download (130KB/11pp/PDF)
|
|
| This report describes fifteen publicly-sponsored facilities available for testing and demonstration of ground-water technologies. |
EPA 542-R-97-002
Download (92K/PDF)
|
|
| The procedure for conducting a 7-day toxicity test using Ceriodaphnia dubia (C. dubia) is described below. This test is applicable to effluents, leachates, and liquid phases of sediments which require a chronic toxicity estimate. |
|
Download (295KB/10pp/PDF)
|
|
| This standard operating procedure (SOP) is applicable for the homogenization of fish tissues, earthworms, amphibians, small mammals, and other small biota. It can be adapted for muskrats, mink, and other larger biota. |
|
Download (298KB/8pp/PDF)
|
|
| This standard operating procedure (SOP) describes the method for performing the extraction portion of the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). |
|
Download (361KB/12pp/PDF)
|
|
| Approximately 50,000 gals. of gasoline leaked from underground storage tank in the Hazleton, PA area, producing a vapor threat to about 400 homes from the flow of the gasoline into sanitary sewer lines. In 1993, the PADER found that the gas was migrating through the sewer trench. Sewer vent traps were installed and an underflow drain was constructed to reduce the flow of gasoline in the Black Creek waterway. In 1996, the USEPA/ERT and the USACE developed a computer model to track the flow of the spill and installed soil-vapor extraction systems. A response and cleanup plan was instituted, includuing placing sewer vent traps in all the homes, installing temporary carbon-air filtration systems where necessary, installing soil-vapor recovery systems, and replacement of part of the sewer line. Additional soil-vapor extraction and biosparging was used to reduce the gasoline plume. A community information trailer was set up on the property to serve as a clearinghouse for the residents, with daily and weekly fact sheets and press releases. Running time is 14 minutes. |
View Real Player Video
View Windows Media Player Video
Order
|
|
| The Treatability Study Sample Exclusion Rule (59 FR 8362) was revised on 2/18/94 to increase the quantity limits up to 10,000 kilograms of contaminated media for treatability studies that may be conditionally exempt from RCRA permitting and manifest requirements. |
View Federal Register Notice
Download (31K/TXT)
|
|
| This fact sheet summarizes information about the use of treatment technologies at 30 RCRA corrective action sites. EPA identified these sites based on readily available sources of information. These sources were reviewed to identify RCRA sites that had ongoing or completed cleanups for contaminated soil or groundwater, and that identified key information about the cleanups, such as type of technology used and point of contact. These sites illustrate the types of cleanups conducted at RCRA corrective actions; they are not intended to be representative of the whole universe of RCRA cleanups. |
EPA 542-F-00-020
Download (68K/PDF)
|
|
| 1,4-Dioxane is a solvent stabilizer frequently found at contaminated sites where methyl chloroform (1,1,1-trichloroethane) was used for degreasing. This report profiles the occurrence and properties of 1,4-dioxane and provides a summary of the available remedial technologies. The information presented should prove useful to project managers and other regulatory officials who oversee cleanup of contaminated groundwater, particularly where chlorinated solvents are the principal contaminant. Consultants, including hydrogeologists, remediation engineers, and modelers, should also find this report useful, as should water utility operators and regulators. |
EPA-542-R-06-009
Download (1.3 MB/30pp/PDF)
|
|
| This report provides a summary and evaluation on six remediation technologies potentially applicable to treat 16 ponds containing waste contaminated with elemental phosphorus, heavy metals, and radiocnuclides at the Eastern Michaud Flats (EMF) Superfund site, near Pocatello, Idaho. Elemental phosphorus is a highly toxic and reactive contaminant and limited information is available about technology treatment solutions. The report is made available to share information on the current status of possible treatment technologies for application at the EMF site and other sites facing similar problems. |
EPA 542-R-03-013
Download (424K/PDF)
|
|
This report contains information on the availability, performance, and cost of eight technologies for the treatment of mercury in soil, waste, and water. It describes the theory, design, and operation of the technologies; provides information on commercial availability and use; and includes site-specific data on performance and cost, where available. This information can help managers at sites with mercury-contaminated media and generators of mercury-contaminated waste and wastewater to:- Identify proven and effective mercury treatment technologies;
- Screen technologies based on application-specific goals, characteristics, and cost; and,
- Apply experiences from sites with similar treatment challenges.
The technologies for soil and waste that are included in the report are solidification and stabilization, soil washing and acid extraction, thermal treatment, and vitrification. Technologies for water include precipitation/coprecipitation, adsorption, membrane filtration, and biological treatment. The report also includes information on ongoing research on mercury treatment, including applications using nanotechnology, phytoremediation, air stripping, and in situ thermal desorption. |
EPA 542-R-07-003
Download (3.9 MB/133pp/PDF)
|
|
| The Twelfth Edition of this report, published by the EPA Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation (OSRTI) in September 2007, documents treatment technology applications at more than 1,900 soil and groundwater cleanup projects at National Priorities List (NPL) sites. The status of more than 1,200 projects included in the ASR Eleventh Edition is updated, and information about 192 new projects derived from Records of Decision (ROD) signed from 2002 through 2005 is added. The report also includes a special section about on-site containment remedies. The ASR is based on the analysis of nearly 3,000 RODs signed since 1982 at 1,536 NPL sites. The online version includes new downloadable spreadsheets with the data for several of the key tables and figures in the report. |
EPA 542-R-07-012
View/Download Document
View/Download Previous Editions
|
|
| This report documents, as of the spring of 2003, the status of treatment technology applications at more than 1,800 soil and groundwater cleanup projects at Superfund Remedial action sites. The status of projects included in the ASR 10th Edition is updated, and new information on projects derived from Records of Decision signed in 2000, 2001, and 2002 is added. The report includes a first time look at the status of over 740 Superfund pump and treat (P&T) projects, and highlights innovations in cleanup technologies, with a special section on Chemical Treatment applications in Superfund. The ASR is based on the analysis of over 2,500 Records of Decision signed since 1982 at 1,499 National Priority List sites. The online version includes new downloadable spreadsheets with the data for several of the key charts and figures in the report. |
EPA 542-R-03-009
View/Download Report
View/Download Previous Editions
|
|
| Method for the extraction of a wood core using an increment borer and the interpretation of annual growth rings. This will be used with plant ecological, physiological and toxicological techniques used to assess the impact of contaminants on plants. |
|
Download (94KB/10pp/PDF)
|
|
| This document was published by the Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council (ITRC). It provides guidance for environmental organizations that want to implement the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Triad process into their business practices. This document is intended to complement the first Sampling, Characterization, and Monitoring Team document, Technical and Regulatory Guidance for the Triad Approach: A New Paradigm for Environmental Project Management (ITRC 2003). Although this document is written to specifically address issues that may be encountered by a state agency, it should also be helpful to those in other segments of government and in the private sector. Reasons for implementing Triad are discussed, as are myths, potential obstacles, and lessons learned. Challenges and solutions to anticipated issues are discussed. The appendices include an example of an organization attempting to establish Triad as an internal policy. Other appendices include information on legal defensibility, budget and procurement issues, and acceptability of data generated via field methods and considerations dealing with risk assessment. |
|
Download (418 KB/63pp/PDF)
|
|
| This technology bulletin explains how hazardous-waste site professionals can use geophysical tools to provide information about subsurface conditions to create a more representative conceptual site model (CSM). The CSM is a tool for gaining a synergistic understanding of the site, improve cost effectiveness, and improve decision-making within the Triad approach. Geophysical tools can be applied to create more robust CSMs with more complete data sets that result in a more representative and accurate depiction of the site characteristics at Brownfields and other hazardous waste sites. |
EPA 542-F-08-007
Dwonload (908KB/15pp/PDF)
|
|