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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
U.S. EPA Technology Innovation and Field Services Division

State Coalition for Remediation of Drycleaners Site Profiles

Dryclean USA #11301, Coral Springs, Florida

Description
Historical activity that resulted in contamination.

PCE drycleaning operations were conducted at this facility from 1977 until early 1985. The facility is located in a strip mall in a retail commercial/residential setting.

Remediation Status: In groundwater monitoring


Contaminants
Contaminants present and the highest amount detected in both soil and groundwater.


Contaminant Media Concentration (ppb) Nondetect
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene groundwater 1,330 ppb
1,1-Dichloroethene groundwater 1.5 ppb
Tetrachloroethene (PCE) soil 4.5 ppb
trans-1,2-Dichloroethene groundwater 61 ppb
Vinyl Chloride groundwater 194 ppb

Site Hydrology

Deepest Significant Groundwater Contamination:   80ft bgs
Plume Size:   Plume Length: 220ft
Plume Width: 50ft
Plume Thickness: 76ft
Average Depth to Groundwater:   5.53ft

Lithology and Subsurface Geology

 
  fine-grain sand with shell fragments & some organic matter
Depth: 0-5ft bgs
5ft thick
Conductivity: 50ft/day
Gradient: 0.0006ft/ft
 
  sandy, fossiliferous limestone with quartz sand nodules
Depth: 5-8ft bgs
3ft thick
 
  fine to coarse carbonate and quartz sand with shells
Depth: 8-50ft bgs
42ft thick
 
  sandy, fossiliferous limestone
Depth: 50-76ft bgs
26ft thick

Pathways and DNAPL Presence

checkGroundwater
Sediments
checkSoil
DNAPL Present

Remediation Scenario

Cleanup Goals:
  Soil: PCE - 30 ug/kg

Groundwater: PCE - 3 ug/l, TCE - 3 ug/l, cis 1,2-DCE - 70 ug/l, trans 1,2-DCE - 100 ug/l, vinyl chloride - 1 ug/l
Remedy Level:
  Full Scale Remedy

Technologies

In Situ Biostimulation
 

Why the technology was selected:
Biostimulation was selected because conditions in groundwater are favorable for reductive dechlorination: dissolved oxygen concentrations: 0.14 - 0.68 mg/L; pH:6.50 to 7.36 standard units: ORP: -255 to -114 millivolts PCE degradation products were present in groundwater.

Date implemented:
May 2003

Final remediation design:
Seven injection events conducted. Injection wells screened 40-55 and 30-60 ft BLS. First injection event: May 30 - June 2, 2003. A solution of 4 gallons of 60% potassium lactate mixed with 525 gallons of water was injected into six (6) wells (525 gallons of solution/well. 1st molasses injection event: June 28, 2004. 130 gallons of 18% molasses solution injected into each of 8 injection wells. July 26, 2004: 130 gallons of 18% molasses solution injected into 8 wells. September 19, 2004: 260 gallons of 10% molasses solution/8 injection wells. October 24, 2004: 260 gal. 10% molasses solution/8 injection wells. January 9, 2006: 3,600 gallons of 0.2% molasses solution per each of 4 injection wells. May 24, 2010: 7,786 gal. of 0.2% molasses solution per each of 2 injection wells.

Results to date:
Seven (7) injection events have been conducted at ths site to date. Groundwater monitoring conducted in early February found the following contaminant concentrations in groundwater: 11.1 ug/l cis 1,2-DCE, 66.9 ug/l trans 1,2-DCE and 106 ug/l vinyl chloride.

Next Steps:
Site has been placed in monitored natural attenuation.

Costs

Cost for Assessment:
  $136,300
Cost for Operation and Maintenance:
 
Total Costs for Cleanup:
 

Lessons Learned

Early molasses injection events used realtively high concentrations of molasses (10%-18%) with relatively low volumes of molasses solution ranging from 130 to 235 gallons per injection well. The last two injection events used lower concentrations of molasses (0.2%) but higher injection volumes (3,600-7,786 gallons per well) in an attempt to achieve a greater radius of influence.

Contacts

Aaron Cohen
Florida Dept. of Environmental Protection
Bureau of Waste Cleanup, MS 4500
2600 Blair Stone Road
Tallahassee, Florida 32399
850-245-8974
Aaron.Cohen@dep.state.fl.us

William Vogelsong, PG, Consultant
Arcadis
2081 Vista Parkway
West Palm Beach, Florida 33411
Phone: (561) 697-7000
E-mail: wvogelsong@arcadis-us.com

Site Specific References

Site Assessment Report - 1999
Remedial Action Plan - 2003
Remedial Action Plan Modification - 2004
Groundwater Monitoring Reports - 2000 -present

 

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