The Society of American Military Engineers (SAME) Denver Post and Philadelphia Post along with the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are hosting a series of webinars based on talks given at recent Design and Construction Issues at Hazardous Waste Sites (DCHWS) Symposiums. The mission of the DCHWS symposiums is to facilitate an interactive engagement between professionals from government and the private sector related to relevant and topical issues affecting applications of engineering and science associated with cleaning up hazardous waste sites. The symposiums also serve as a platform to facilitate the exchange of information, encourage dialogue, share experiences, and build and enhance communication among design and construction professionals.

The USACE Omaha District contracted TRS Group, Inc. (TRS) and HydroGeoLogic, Inc. (HGL) to implement a low temperature thermal pilot study to evaluate the effects of in situ heating to enhance the hydrolysis of munition constituents (MCs) found in soil. Applying electrical resistance heating (ERH) at sub-steaming temperatures, TRS is heating vadose zone soils.

The site was established to receive and store ammunition and was placed into inactive status in 1967. The area to be targeted by the pilot study is a former leach bed, contaminated with munition compounds, which include hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-trazine (RDX), trinitrotoluene (TNT), dinitrotoluene (DNT), and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN). RDX, TNT, and 2,4-DNT were observed with maximum concentrations of 41 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg),10 mg/kg, and 4.6 mg/kg, respectively. As PETN was only detected in trace concentrations, the study is focused on the TNT, 2,4-DNT and RDX, with RDX being the primary contaminant of interest.

TRS is heating the treatment volume soil to an average of 80°C over a period of about two months and maintaining temperature for four additional months. TRS and HGL selected the temperature to maximize hydrolysis kinetics without generating steam. Hydrolysis is a water-based reaction. Under ambient conditions the reaction rate is sufficiently slow as to not be a viable remedy; however, at elevated temperatures the reaction rates become quite favorable. The moisture content within the bulk soil ranges between 30 to 40 percent, as commonly found in this type of geologic setting, and is sufficient to support hydrolysis. To ensure proper energy delivery, TRS drips water to each electrode to maintain conductivity at the electrode/soil interface. This added water contributes to the bulk soil moisture content and ensures hydrolysis continues throughout treatment.

TRS initiated power input to the subsurface in July 2019. Following four months of heating, soil samples were collected in November 2019. An additional round of soil sampling is planned after six months of heating in January 2020. The presentation will focus on the innovative approach to enhancing hydrolysis, results of low temperature ERH remediation, including MC data from various confirmation soil sampling events, and lessons learned when implementing a low temperature thermal remedy.

The Society of American Military Engineers (SAME) Denver Post and Philadelphia Post along with the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are hosting a series of webinars based on talks given at recent Design and Construction Issues at Hazardous Waste Sites (DCHWS) Symposiums. The mission of the DCHWS symposiums is to facilitate an interactive engagement between professionals from government and the private sector related to relevant and topical issues affecting applications of engineering and science associated with cleaning up hazardous waste sites. The symposiums also serve as a platform to facilitate the exchange of information, encourage dialogue, share experiences, and build and enhance communication among design and construction professionals.

The role sustainability and resiliency play in a cleanup project is dependent upon site-specific physical characteristics and stakeholder concerns. However, the overlying framework to evaluate and implement sustainable resilient remediation practices is applicable to all site types. This technical presentation will start with an overview of the sustainable resilient remediation framework, and recent guidance updates and initiatives. Followed by four case studies that highlight integration of resiliency and sustainability at various phases of the project life cycle:

• Case Study #1: Combining Green and Sustainable Remediation (GSR) Evaluations with Cost/Risk Analysis as Effective Communication Tools to Drive Cleanup Decisions
• Case Study #2: GSR to Inform Technology Feasibility Assessment & Incorporating Climate Change into Remedial Design and Performance Monitoring
• Case Study #3: Development of Resiliency Remedial Design Guides for a Sediment Site Informed by Stakeholder Engagement at Remedial Action Workshops
• Case Study #4: Hydrodynamic Modeling to Support Remedial Design Utilizing EPA's Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) Climate Adjustment Tool (CAT)

Opportunities to ask questions will be interwoven throughout the presentation. The presentation will end with lessons learned from other cleanup project experience, followed by Q&A.

The target audience for this technical presentation includes environmental regulators at all levels of government, private and public responsible or obligated parties (Ops), current site owners and operators, environmental consultants, and prospective purchasers of property and their agents. Other stakeholders who have an interest in a property can also use this guidance to help understand how sustainable resilient remediation practices can be applied.

Federal Facility Five-Year Review Webinar is a two-hour webinar course that provides an overview of Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) five-year reviews. By taking this course, participants will achieve the following objectives:

• Understand Five-Year Review purpose and regulatory context
• Learn how to prepare and conduct a five-year review
• Identify the information and data needed to support a protectiveness statement
• Address emerging contaminants and options available to ensure that the federal agencies address these contaminants
• Identify the different scenarios when EPA makes an independent finding of the protectiveness of the remedy
• Learn about similarities and differences between federal and private site five-year reviews

The instructional methodology for this course includes lecture, case studies, and quizzes. There will also be an opportunity for participants to ask questions. The target audience for this course are federal, state, and tribal representatives who work on Federal Facility cleanups. Ideally, students should have a basic understanding the CERCLA process. This course is part of the Federal Facilities Academy training program. Please consider registering for other Federal Facility Academy courses and obtain a certificate upon completion of the entire Federal Facility Academy series (12 courses total).

Military Munitions Policy Webinar is a two-hour webinar course that provides an overview of the Department of Defense (DoD) Military Munitions Response Program (MMRP), munitions policies, and how the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) is applied to munitions sites. By taking this course, participants will achieve the following objectives:

• Learn about DoD MMRP;
• Understand the CERCLA process as applied to a munitions site;
• Understand munitions policies; and,
• Explore EPA Munitions Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs).

The instructional methodology for this course includes lecture, case studies, and quizzes. There will also be an opportunity for participants to ask questions. The target audience for this course are federal, state, and tribal representatives who work on Federal Facility cleanups. Ideally, students should have a basic understanding of munitions and the CERCLA process. This course is part of the Federal Facilities Academy training program. Please consider registering for other Federal Facility Academy courses and obtain a certificate upon completion of the entire Federal Facility Academy series (12 courses total).

Role of Superfund Performance Measures is a two-hour webinar course that will identify the role of performance measures, including environmental indicators, how to justify their status, and how to achieve an under-control status at Superfund sites. By taking this course, participants will achieve the following objectives:

• Discover the origin and role of Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) Measures;
• Explore the different types of internal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) planning targets reported through the Superfund Enterprise Management System (SEMs) database; and,
• Learn about Environmental Indicators for Human Exposure and Groundwater Migration and how they are determined.

The instructional methodology for this course includes lecture, group discussion, and quizzes. There will also be an opportunity for participants to ask questions. The target audience for this course is federal, state, and tribal representatives who work on Federal Facility cleanups. Ideally, students should have a basic understanding of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) process. This course is part of the Federal Facilities Academy training program. Please consider registering for other Federal Facility Academy courses and obtain a certificate upon completion of the entire Federal Facility Academy series (12 courses total).

Determining ARARs at Federal Facility Sites is a two-hour webinar course that will highlight how to determine Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirements (ARARs) in decision-documents based on Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidance, identify commonly used ARARs, and when to involve partners. By taking this course, participants will achieve the following objectives:

• Understand the general procedures for ARAR identification, analysis, and documentation;
• Learn about ARARs under Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) Section 121(d) and associated EPA guidance;
• Identify the three types of ARARs and how they are determined; and,
• Explore CERCLA ARAR waiver criteria and the six waivers identified under CERCLA 121(d).

The instructional methodology for this course includes lecture and quizzes. There will also be an opportunity for participants to ask questions. The target audience for this course is federal, state, and tribal representatives who work on Federal Facility cleanups. Ideally, students should have a basic understanding of ARARs and the CERCLA process. This course is part of the Federal Facilities Academy training program. Please consider registering for other Federal Facility Academy courses and obtain a certificate upon completion of the entire Federal Facility Academy series (12 courses total).

Groundwater Policy and Federal Facilities Overview is a two-hour webinar course that provides an overview of U.S Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) groundwater policies and guidance with emphasis on cleanups at federal facilities. By taking this course, participants will achieve the following objectives:

• Identify EPA groundwater policies;
• Understand groundwater classification and beneficial use in restoration objectives;
• Understand nature and extent considerations from groundwater contaminant plumes;
• Explore applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) commonly associated with groundwater remedies;
• Identify groundwater considerations for monitored natural attenuation (MNA), institutional controls, and technical impracticability waivers; and,


• Discover information on major groundwater policies from other federal agencies, such as Department of Defense (DoD) and Department of Energy (DoE).

The instructional methodology for this course includes lecture and quizzes. There will also be an opportunity for participants to ask questions. The target audience for this course is federal, state, and tribal representatives who work on Federal Facility cleanups. Ideally, students should have a basic understanding the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). This course is part of the Federal Facilities Academy training program. Please consider registering for other Federal Facility Academy courses and obtain a certificate upon completion of the entire Federal Facility Academy series (12 courses total).

This webinar features presenters and material from the November 2019 FRTR Meeting held in Reston, VA. The session will include two presentations:

Developing Conceptual Site Models of Contaminated Fractured Rocks to Support In-Situ Remediation (Presented by USGS)
Conceptual site models (CSMs) were developed to support in-situ remediation of fractured sedimentary rocks contaminated with trichloroethene (TCE) in two areas at the former Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC) site near Trenton NJ. The understanding of heterogeneity and groundwater flow represented in these CSMs is critical to designing remediation strategies that involve spreading injected amendments to contaminant locations. In one area at NAWC, hydraulic testing, tracer testing, and flow and transport modeling were conducted to develop a CSM for designing in-situ bioremediation of TCE, involving injection of emulsified vegetable oil and bacteria. The CSM showed that injection will spread amendments widely over a zone of lower-permeability fractures, with long residence times expected because of small velocities after injection and sorption of the oil onto solids. However, amendments transported out of this zone will be diluted by groundwater flux from other directions, limiting bioremediation effectiveness downgradient. In another area of the site, hydraulic tomography (HT) was conducted to develop a high-resolution hydrogeologic CSM that depicts the extreme heterogeneity of hydraulic properties. This CSM includes an estimate of the most-hydraulically-active fracture network, which is a key component of designing in-situ remediation because amendments are spread along this network during injection. Results of these studies emphasize that for in-situ remediation of heterogeneous flow systems such as fractured rocks, the extent of injected amendments cannot be conceptualized using simple homogeneous models. Instead, it is important to develop CSMs that use characterization data and modeling to represent the heterogeneous features and simulate the spatially variable groundwater fluxes that strongly control in-situ remediation effectiveness.

Using Remedy Implementation Information to Guide Remedy Optimization (Presented by PNNL, DOE, & EPA)
During groundwater remedy implementation, data and information are collected about remedy performance and the site contaminant and hydrogeology conditions. This information can be used to refine the conceptual site model and evaluate progress toward remedial action objectives. Consistent with recent guidance for adaptive site management, it is important to consider this information with respect to remedy optimization opportunities. Groundwater remediation of carbon tetrachloride at the Department of Energy Hanford Site has followed this approach and is currently conducting an optimization study using EPA's guidance on remediation optimization. The optimization study will evaluate changes to the treatment configuration and provide information to support future decisions to improve remedy protectiveness, effectiveness, and cost efficiency, and to facilitate progress toward completion of site work.

This webinar will provide participants with guidelines on how to make better presentations to the public, their peers, or management. The webinar will help to improve your presentation skills and provide you with tools and techniques to be an interesting and effective presenter.

What is in it for you:

• More polished platform skills.
• Improved ability to manage content.
• Greater skill using a variety of training methods.
• Enhanced ability to create and use visual aids.
• Ability to manage your audience.

The webinar is intended to help participants increase their comfort in public speaking, control and connect with their audience, handle audience participation, and ultimately deliver the message and take-away points of training courses they are planning to instruct. The webinar will teach participants how to manage nerves, voice, gestures, transitions, visual aids, and content. The webinar also addresses how to manage the audience to include difficult participants, the solicitation of questions, and the response to questions and will include techniques for adapting to diverse audiences.

The webinar is open to all interested, but strongly recommended for those EPA staff scheduled to instruct at the 2020 NARPM Training Program.

Interested in creative site redevelopment strategies from an experienced developer? The Naval Industrial Reserve Ordnance Plant and FMC Corp. Superfund sites designed and manufactured advanced naval weapons. The developer has built a business industrial park in four phases. Hyde Development worked with Minnesota's environmental agency to enroll the property encompassing the site in the state's Voluntary Investigation and Cleanup Program. Using this alternative cleanup mechanism enabled close coordination between the cleanup and development design stages to support a phased cleanup approach that would allow for phased redevelopment construction. Part of Superfund Redevelopment's roundtable webinar series, this training will focus on opportunities, benefits, strategies, liability protections and risk management for partnerships between developers, and local and state governments. This interactive session will include robust Q&A as well as an opportunity for participants to share their perspectives on how to encourage more and faster Superfund site redevelopment across the country. Presenters will answer questions about available resources and support, share best practices and update participants on the latest tools and guidance.

The NIEHS Superfund Research Program (SRP) is hosting a Risk e-Learning webinar series focused on exposures and latent disease risk. The series will feature SRP grantees and colleagues who are studying how we can better understand the health effects of exposures when there is a long latency period between the exposure and the onset of the disease.

The first session will provide an introduction to exposures and latent disease risk, including information about windows of susceptibility, later-life health outcomes, and will set the stage for the other sessions.

The NIEHS Superfund Research Program (SRP) is hosting a Risk e-Learning webinar series focused on exposures and latent disease risk. The series will feature SRP grantees and colleagues who are studying how we can better understand the health effects of exposures when there is a long latency period between the exposure and the onset of the disease.

In the second session, presenters will discuss new methods to help better understand potential disease risk by identifying hallmarks or key characteristics associated with disease. These methods may provide a way to link exposures to disease earlier on in the disease progression.

The NIEHS Superfund Research Program (SRP) is hosting a Risk e-Learning webinar series focused on exposures and latent disease risk. The series will feature SRP grantees and colleagues who are studying the health effects of exposures when there is a long latency period between the exposure and the onset of the disease.

In the third session, presenters will describe studies linking early-life arsenic exposure and later-life disease risk. The focus on arsenic as a case study may also provide insights into linking other exposures to latent disease risk and identifying windows of susceptibility.

Risk-based cleanup goals are often calculated assuming that chemicals present in soil are absorbed by humans as efficiently as the chemicals dosed during the toxicity tests used to determine regulatory toxicity values (such as the Reference Dose or Cancer Slope Factor). This assumption can result in inaccurate exposure estimates and associated risks for some contaminated sites because the amount of a chemical absorbed (the chemical's bioavailability) from contaminated soil can be a fraction of the total amount present. Properly accounting for soil-chemical interactions on the bioavailability of chemicals from soil can lead to more accurate estimates of exposures to soil contaminants and improve risk assessments by decreasing uncertainty.
The basis for this training course is the ITRC guidance: Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soil: Considerations for Human Health Risk Assessment (BCS-1). This guidance describes the general concepts of the bioavailability of contaminants in soil, reviews the state of the science, and discusses how to incorporate bioavailability into the human health risk assessment process. This guidance addresses lead, arsenic, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) because evaluating bioavailability is better understood for these chemicals than for others, particularly for the incidental ingestion of soil.
The target audience for this guidance and training course are:

• Project managers interested in decreasing uncertainty in the risk assessment which may lead to reduced remedial action costs.
  
• Risk assessors new to bioavailability or those who want additional confidence and training in the current methods and common practices for using bioavailability assessment to more accurately determine human health risk at a contaminated site.

• Value the ITRC document as a "go-to" resource for soil bioavailability
  
• Apply the decision process to determine when a site-specific bioavailability assessment may be appropriate
  
• Use the ITRC Review Checklist to develop or review a risk assessment that includes soil bioavailability
  
• Consider factors that affect arsenic, lead and PAH bioavailability
  
• Select appropriate methods to evaluate soil bioavailability
  
• Use tools to develop site-specific soil bioavailability estimates and incorporate them into human health risk assessment

Connecting the Science to Managing LNAPL Sites - 3-Part Series

The newly updated LNAPLs (Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids) 3-part training course series is based on the ITRC guidance: LNAPL Site Management: LCSM Evolution, Decision Process, and Remedial Technologies (LNAPL-3, 2018) and focuses on connecting the science to managing LNAPL sites and helping you:

• Build upon your Understanding of LNAPL Behavior in the Subsurface (Part 1)
  
• Develop your LNAPL Conceptual Site Model and LNAPL Remedial Goals (Part 2)
  
• Select/Implement LNAPL Technologies (Part 3)

In situ remediation technologies using amendment injections have advanced to mainstream acceptance and offer a competitive advantage over many forms of ex situ treatment of soil and groundwater. Developing a detailed site-specific strategy is absolutely critical to the success of such in situ remedies. These strategies include conducting a thorough site characterization that will allow development of a detailed Conceptual Site Model (CSM) to guide critical analysis of subsurface features and improving remediation effectiveness. In the interest of developing expedited solutions, many past in situ remediation projects have been executed based on an incomplete understanding of the hydrogeology, geology, and contaminant distribution and mass. Some of these sites have undergone multiple rounds of in situ injections but have not advanced to closure. Better strategies and minimum design standards are required to decrease uncertainty and improve remedy effectiveness.

In an effort to overcome these challenges and improve the effectiveness of in situ remediation using injected amendments, ITRC developed the guidance: Optimizing Injection Strategies and In Situ Remediation Performance (OIS-ISRP-1). The guidance and this associated training course identify challenges that may impede or limit remedy effectiveness and discuss the potential optimization strategies, and specific actions that can be pursued, to improve the performance of in situ remediation by:

• Refining and evaluating remedial design site characterization data;
  
• Selecting the correct amendment;
  
• Choosing delivery methods for site-specific conditions;
  
• Creating design specifications;
  
• Conducting performance evaluations, and
  
• Optimizing underperforming in situ remedies.

At some sites, complex site-specific conditions make it difficult to fully remediate environmental contamination. Both technical and nontechnical challenges can impede remediation and may prevent a site from achieving federal- and state-mandated regulatory cleanup goals within a reasonable time frame. For example, technical challenges may include geologic, hydrogeologic, geochemical, and contaminant-related conditions as well as large-scale or surface conditions. In addition, nontechnical challenges may also play a role such as managing changes that occur over long time frames, overlapping regulatory and financial responsibilities between agencies, setting achievable site objectives, maintaining effective institutional controls, redevelopment and changes in land use, and funding considerations.
This training course and associated ITRC guidance: Remediation Management of Complex Sites (RMCS-1, 2017), provide a recommended holistic process for management of challenging sites, termed "adaptive site management." This process is a comprehensive, flexible, and iterative process that is well-suited for sites where there is significant uncertainty in remedy performance predictions. Adaptive site management includes the establishment of interim objectives and long-term site objectives that consider both technical and nontechnical challenges. Periodic adjustment of the remedial approach may involve multiple technologies at any one time and changes in technologies over time. Comprehensive planning and scheduled evaluations of remedy performance help decision makers track remedy progress and improve the timeliness of remedy optimization, reevaluations, or transition to other technologies/contingency actions.
By participating in this training course we expect you will learn to apply the ITRC guidance document to:

• Identify and integrate technical and nontechnical challenges into a holistic approach to remediation
  
• Use the Remediation Potential Assessment to identify whether adaptive site management is warranted due to site complexity
  
• Understand and apply adaptive site management principles
  
• Develop a long-term performance-based action plan
  
• Apply well-demonstrated techniques for effective stakeholder engagement
  
• Access additional resources, tools, and case studies most relevant for complex sites
  
• Communicate the value of the guidance to regulators, practitioners, community members, and others