Bel Air Cleaners, Baytown, Texas

State Coalition for Remediation of Drycleaners Site Profiles

Description
Historical activity that resulted in contamination.

The site is a former dry cleaner facility which ceased operations in June 2006. The site is located at a suburban retail/commercial strip mall location and the former facility space is now occupied by a restaurant. Two Dry-to-dry non-vented PCE machines operated at the facility. A release at the facility was initially detected during a 2006 Phase II investigation at the shopping center. Based on the contaminant distribution in the soil and groundwater, the source area is suspected to be the sanitary sewer (cleanout adjacent to rear of building. Sanitary sewer lines samples and were impacted by chlorosolvents

Remediation Status: In active remediation

Contaminants
Contaminants present and the highest amount detected in both soil and groundwater.

Contaminant	Media	Concentration (ppb)	Nondetect
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene	groundwater
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene	soil
Tetrachloroethene (PCE)	groundwater
Tetrachloroethene (PCE)	soil
Trichloroethene (TCE)	groundwater
Trichloroethene (TCE)	soil
Vinyl Chloride	groundwater
Vinyl Chloride	soil

Site Hydrology

Deepest Significant Groundwater Contamination:		27ft bgs
Plume Size:		Plume Length: 20ft Plume Width: 25ft Plume Thickness: 10ft
Average Depth to Groundwater:		15ft

Lithology and Subsurface Geology

		clay and silty clay Depth: 0-15ft bgs 15ft thick Gradient: 0.007ft/ft
		clay sand Depth: 15-30ft bgs 15ft thick

Pathways and DNAPL Presence

Groundwater

Sediments

Soil

DNAPL Present

Vapor Intrusion Pathway

Has the potential for vapor intrusion (VI) been evaluated?		No
Has a vapor mitigation system been installed?		No
Additional VI Information:		N/A

Remediation Scenario

Cleanup Goals:		(all in ppm) Soil: PCE 0.05 TCE 0.034 DCE 0.25 VC 0.02 GW: PCE 0.005 TCE 0.005 DCE 0.338 VC 0.002
Remedy Level:		Full Scale Remedy

Technologies

In Situ Chemical Oxidation		Why the technology was selected: ISCO was chosen due to the small size of the plume area. Also natural attenuation parameters measured at site indicated unfavorable conditions for biodegradation. Date implemented: May 29 through June 1, 2012 ISCO Injection Event. Final remediation design: FY 2012: InSitu Chemical Oxidation: Approx 5950 gallons of 1% KMnO4 solution were injected over a four day period. The solution was injected into nine (9) injection wells. The injection wells contructed of 1-inch diameter well casing with prefab well screen filter pack screen from 15 to 30 ft. bls. Injection wells are spaced approximately 8-feet apart and cover the estimated extent of the the plume. Injection pressure ranged up to 24 PSI. Results to date: The initial post-ISCO sampling event was conducted 8 weeks after the injection event. Sampling resulting indicated no exceedences above regulatory standards. Next Steps: For FY2013, additional groundwater sampling events are planned to evaluate the ISCO injection event. The next steps will be determined following review of gw results. Cost to Design and Implement: ISCO Injection Costs: $74,110 (cost includes remediation event of 2012 and GW monitoring events associated with remediation)
Ex Situ Chemical Oxidation		Why the technology was selected: ISCO was chosen due to the small size of the plume area. Also natural attenuation parameters measured at site indicated unfavorable conditions for biodegradation. Date implemented: June 2006 Soil Excavation and Onsite Soil Treatment Final remediation design: June 2006: Soil Excavation 120 cubic yards (10'd x 16'w x 25'l). Excavated soils treated onsite with 1% solution of KMnO4 until soil met levels required for Class 2 nonhaz waste. Leaky sanitary sewer line replaced. Results to date: The initial post-ISCO sampling event was conducted 8 weeks after the injection event. Sampling resulting indicated no exceedences above regulatory standards. Next Steps: For FY2013, additional groundwater sampling events are planned to evaluate the ISCO injection event. The next steps will be determined following review of gw results. Cost to Design and Implement: Excavation Costs: Unknown ISCO Injection Costs: $74,110 (cost includes remediation event of 2012 and GW monitoring events associated with remediation)
Ex Situ Pump and Treat		Why the technology was selected: Groundwater Extraction was considered as a remedy for a small gw plume where source area soils had been removed. Date implemented: July 2011 Groundwater Extraction might work on a small gw plume where source area had been removed. Final remediation design: FY2011 Groundwater Extraction: Three (3) groundwater extraction events (July 12, July 26 and August 9) using a an (8) hour vacuum truck event on MW-2. Groundwater sampling conducted after the extraction events. Results to date: The initial post-ISCO sampling event was conducted 8 weeks after the injection event. Sampling resulting indicated no exceedences above regulatory standards. Next Steps: For FY2013, additional groundwater sampling events are planned to evaluate the ISCO injection event. The next steps will be determined following review of gw results. Cost to Design and Implement: Groundwater Extraction Events: Approx $38,000.
Ex Situ Soil Removal		Why the technology was selected: Soil Excavation was conducted in response to results of phase II investigations and was considered the most effective method of source area removal. Date implemented: June 2006 Soil Excavation and Onsite Soil Treatment Final remediation design: June 2006: Soil Excavation 120 cubic yards (10'd x 16'w x 25'l). Excavated soils treated onsite with 1% solution of KMnO4 until soil met levels required for Class 2 nonhaz waste. Leaky sanitary sewer line replaced. Results to date: The initial post-ISCO sampling event was conducted 8 weeks after the injection event. Sampling resulting indicated no exceedences above regulatory standards. Next Steps: For FY2013, additional groundwater sampling events are planned to evaluate the ISCO injection event. The next steps will be determined following review of gw results. Cost to Design and Implement: Excavation Costs: Unknown

Costs

Cost for Assessment:		Approx. $100,000
Cost for Operation and Maintenance:
Total Costs for Cleanup:		Approximately $184,000

Lessons Learned

The long term effectiveness of ISCO at this site remains unclear - pending results of additional post injection monitoring.

Limited surfacing of injectate occured during the injections events. If additional events are conducted, consider using lower initial injection pressures - and then gradually increase pressure over time.

Contacts

Richard Scharlach, Technical Specialist
PST / DCRP Section
Remediation Division
Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ)

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U.S. EPA Contaminated Site Cleanup Information (CLU-IN)

State Coalition for Remediation of Drycleaners Site Profiles