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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
U.S. EPA Technology Innovation and Field Services Division

State Coalition for Remediation of Drycleaners Site Profiles

Renaud Executive Cleaners, Winter Haven , Florida

Description
Historical activity that resulted in contamination.

This is an active PCE drycleaning operation that has been open since the mid 1960s. Minor solvent spills associated with changing filters and moving a drum of PCE had been reported. The facility is located in a strip mall in a mixed retail commercial/residential setting. A lake is located approximately 800 feet south of the facility. Contaminant source areas are the soils beneath the floor slab in the vicinity of the drycleaning machine and the area outside the service door.

Remediation Status: Site closed


Contaminants
Contaminants present and the highest amount detected in both soil and groundwater.


Contaminant Media Concentration (ppb) Nondetect
Tetrachloroethene (PCE) groundwater 14.8 ppb
Tetrachloroethene (PCE) soil 5,300 ppb

Site Hydrology

Deepest Significant Groundwater Contamination:   65ft bgs
Plume Size:   Plume Length: 100ft
Plume Width: 40ft
Plume Thickness: 35ft
Average Depth to Groundwater:   29.5ft

Lithology and Subsurface Geology

 
  fine-grained sand
Depth: 0-10ft bgs
10ft thick
Conductivity: 4.9ft/day
Gradient: 0.004ft/ft
 
  clayey, fine-grained sand
Depth: 10-14ft bgs
4ft thick
 
  sandy clay
Depth: 14-27ft bgs
13ft thick
 
  clayey, fine-grained sand
Depth: 27-70ft bgs
43ft thick

Pathways and DNAPL Presence

checkGroundwater
Sediments
checkSoil
DNAPL Present

Remediation Scenario

Cleanup Goals:
  Groundwater: PCE = 3.0 ug/l
Soil: PCE = 30 ug/kg

Technologies

In Situ Soil Vapor Extraction
 

Why the technology was selected:
The predominant portion of the contaminant mass resided in the unsaturated zone which is composed of relatively permeable soils. Soil vapor extraction is an effective technology for removing VOCs from unsaturated permeable sediments. It was believed that the site could be closed by addressing only contaminated soils.

Date implemented:
May 3, 2004

Final remediation design:
Two 2-inch diameter vapor extraction wells, screened 2-20 ft BLS & one 3-inch diameter vapor extraction well screened 10-25 ft BLS. One of the shallow vapor extraction wells was installed beneath the facility floor slab adjacent to the drycleaning machine. A shallow and the deep vapor extraction well were installed outside the service door of the facility. Five vapor monitoring points were installed, two beneath the facility floor slab and three outside of the facility. The system is powered by a Roots 15 HP blower. Off gas treatment is a 140 lb. G.A.C. unit. Design flow rates: shallow vapor extraction wells - 66 scfm with a design vacuum level of 40 inches-WC. Deep vapor extraction well - 94 scfm with a design vacuum level of 109 inches-WC.

Results to date:
SVE system was run until February 2005 when confirmatory soil samples were collected. Soil sampling resulted in the decision to continue to run the system. In April of 2005, the two interior vapor monitoring points were connected to the SVE system. Confirmatory soil samples were collected again in March of 2006. PCE concentrations in two of the samples exceeded the Soil Cleanup Target Level for leachability for PCE (30 ug/kg) in two samples. However PCE concentration in leachate derived from the Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure run on the two samples was below the Groundwater Cleanup Target Level for PCE (3 ug/L). The SVE system was shut down after operating 21 months and recovering an estimated 17.8 pounds of VOCs. Only one monitor well had ever produced a groundwater sample with a contaminant concentration (PCE) that exceeded a Groundwater Cleanup Target Level. Beginning with the August 2002 monitoring event, no contaminants were detected in groundwater samples collected from monitor wells.

Next Steps:
A Site Rehabilitation Completion Order was issued for the site on July 3, 2006.

Cost to Design and Implement:
$70,400 for all technologies

Ex Situ Carbon Adsorption
 

Date implemented:
May 3, 2004

Final remediation design:
Two 2-inch diameter vapor extraction wells, screened 2-20 ft BLS & one 3-inch diameter vapor extraction well screened 10-25 ft BLS. One of the shallow vapor extraction wells was installed beneath the facility floor slab adjacent to the drycleaning machine. A shallow and the deep vapor extraction well were installed outside the service door of the facility. Five vapor monitoring points were installed, two beneath the facility floor slab and three outside of the facility. The system is powered by a Roots 15 HP blower. Off gas treatment is a 140 lb. G.A.C. unit. Design flow rates: shallow vapor extraction wells - 66 scfm with a design vacuum level of 40 inches-WC. Deep vapor extraction well - 94 scfm with a design vacuum level of 109 inches-WC.

Results to date:
SVE system was run until February 2005 when confirmatory soil samples were collected. Soil sampling resulted in the decision to continue to run the system. In April of 2005, the two interior vapor monitoring points were connected to the SVE system. Confirmatory soil samples were collected again in March of 2006. PCE concentrations in two of the samples exceeded the Soil Cleanup Target Level for leachability for PCE (30 ug/kg) in two samples. However PCE concentration in leachate derived from the Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure run on the two samples was below the Groundwater Cleanup Target Level for PCE (3 ug/L). The SVE system was shut down after operating 21 months and recovering an estimated 17.8 pounds of VOCs. Only one monitor well had ever produced a groundwater sample with a contaminant concentration (PCE) that exceeded a Groundwater Cleanup Target Level. Beginning with the August 2002 monitoring event, no contaminants were detected in groundwater samples collected from monitor wells.

Next Steps:
A Site Rehabilitation Completion Order was issued for the site on July 3, 2006.

Cost to Design and Implement:
$70,400 for all technologies

Costs

Cost for Assessment:
  $50,600
Cost for Operation and Maintenance:
  $50,400
Total Costs for Cleanup:
  $177,700 (includes $6,300 for site restoration).

Lessons Learned

Converting the vapor monitoring points to vapor extraction wells was successful in recovering additional contaminant mass that lead to site closure.

Contacts

Aaron Cohen
Florida Dept. of Environmental Protection
Bureau of Waste Cleanup, MS 4500
2600 Blair Stone Road
Tallahassee, Florida 32399
850-245-8974
Aaron.Cohen@dep.state.fl.us

Brian Moore, PE
H.S.A. Engineers & Scientists
4019 East Fowler Ave.
Tampa, Florida 33617

Phone: (813)971-3882
E-mail: Bmoore@hsa-env.com

Site Specific References

Contamination Assessment Report - May 2001
Remedial Action Plan - December 2003
Construction Completion Report - June 2004
Operation & Maintenance Reports 2004-2006

 

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