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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
U.S. EPA Technology Innovation and Field Services Division

State Coalition for Remediation of Drycleaners Site Profiles

Tiffany Cleaners, Casselberry , Florida

Description
Historical activity that resulted in contamination.

This is an active PCE drycleaning facility that has been in operation since at least 1986. The facility is located in a small strip mall in a retail commercial/residential setting. The contaminant source area at the site is the soil beneath the facility floor slab in the vicinity of the drycleaning machine.

Remediation Status: Site closed


Contaminants
Contaminants present and the highest amount detected in both soil and groundwater.


Contaminant Media Concentration (ppb) Nondetect
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene groundwater 295 ppb
1,1-Dichloroethene groundwater 3 ppb
1,1-Dichloroethene soil 4.4 ppb
Tetrachloroethene (PCE) groundwater 376.6 ppb
Tetrachloroethene (PCE) soil 105 ppb
Trichloroethene (TCE) groundwater 259.2 ppb
trans-1,2-Dichloroethene groundwater 3.3 ppb
trans-1,2-Dichloroethene soil 1.4 ppb

Site Hydrology

Deepest Significant Groundwater Contamination:   32ft bgs
Plume Size:   Plume Length: 1,050ft
Plume Width: 270ft
Plume Thickness: 21ft
Average Depth to Groundwater:   11ft

Lithology and Subsurface Geology

 
  silty very fine-grained sand with organics
Depth: 0-14ft bgs
14ft thick
Conductivity: 3.1ft/day
Gradient: 0.006ft/ft
 
  very fine to fine-grained sand with clay lenses
Depth: 14-28ft bgs
14ft thick
 
  silty very fine to fine-grained sand
Depth: 28-48ft bgs
20ft thick
 
  fine to medium-grained sand interbedded with sandy clay, phosphate nodules and phosphatic gravel
Depth: 48-64ft bgs
16ft thick
 
  silty, very fine to fine-grained sand with some coarse-grained phosphatic sand
Depth: 64-92ft bgs
28ft thick
 
  silty, very fine to medium-grained phophatic sand interbedded with silty clay
Depth: 92-100ft bgs
8ft thick

Pathways and DNAPL Presence

checkGroundwater
Sediments
checkSoil
DNAPL Present

Vapor Intrusion Pathway

Has the potential for vapor intrusion (VI) been evaluated?
  No
Has a vapor mitigation system been installed?
  Yes 
Type of Vapor Mitigation System(s):
  Soil Vapor Extraction

Remediation Scenario

Cleanup Goals:
  Groundwater: PCE = 3 ug/l, TCE = 3 ug/l, cis 1,2-DCE = 70 ug/l, trans 1,2-DCE = 100 ug/l,

Soil: PCE = 30 ug/kg; cis 1,2-DCE = 400 ug/kg; 1,1-DCE = 60 ug/kg

Technologies

In Situ Monitored Natural Attenuation
 

Why the technology was selected:
Monitored natural attenuation was selected as the groundwater remedy because conditions favorable for reductive dechlorination were present in groundwater, contaminant concentrations in groundwater were relatively low and PCE daughter products were present.

Results to date:
The SVE system operated at from 89 to 102 scfm with 16 to 18.5 inch w.c. Contaminant concentrations in groundwater began to drop when the SVE was activated. An estimated 14.9 pounds of VOCs were recovered by the system. SVE system was shut down on July 31, 2003. Groundwater monitoring continued until May 2006 when closure requirements were met.

Next Steps:
A Site Rehabilitation Completion Report was issued for the site on February 22, 2007.

In Situ Soil Vapor Extraction
 

Why the technology was selected:
SVE was selected because it is an effective technology for remediating VOCs in permeable unsaturated sediments.

Date implemented:
SVE: April 30, 2002

Final remediation design:
The SVE remedial system consisted of: one vertical vapor extaction well constructed of 4-inch diameter schedule 40 PVC. The well was installed in a hand augered boring beneath the facility floor slab at a location adjacent to the drycleaning machine. The well was screened 2-8.5 ft BLS with 0.010-inch slot size. Piping was extended to the ceiling of the drycleaning facility run out the back wall of the facility to an equipment trailer located in the service alley behind the facility. The system is powered by a 3 HP rotary lobe vacuum blower; vapors are treated by two 175-lb G.A.C. units. The system was designed to at 100 scfm with 30 inches w.c.

Results to date:
The SVE system operated at from 89 to 102 scfm with 16 to 18.5 inch w.c. Contaminant concentrations in groundwater began to drop when the SVE was activated. An estimated 14.9 pounds of VOCs were recovered by the system. SVE system was shut down on July 31, 2003. Groundwater monitoring continued until May 2006 when closure requirements were met.

Next Steps:
A Site Rehabilitation Completion Report was issued for the site on February 22, 2007.

Cost to Design and Implement:
Design: $21,300 Implementation: $40,000

Ex Situ Carbon Adsorption
 

Date implemented:
SVE: April 30, 2002

Final remediation design:
The SVE remedial system consisted of: one vertical vapor extaction well constructed of 4-inch diameter schedule 40 PVC. The well was installed in a hand augered boring beneath the facility floor slab at a location adjacent to the drycleaning machine. The well was screened 2-8.5 ft BLS with 0.010-inch slot size. Piping was extended to the ceiling of the drycleaning facility run out the back wall of the facility to an equipment trailer located in the service alley behind the facility. The system is powered by a 3 HP rotary lobe vacuum blower; vapors are treated by two 175-lb G.A.C. units. The system was designed to at 100 scfm with 30 inches w.c.

Results to date:
The SVE system operated at from 89 to 102 scfm with 16 to 18.5 inch w.c. Contaminant concentrations in groundwater began to drop when the SVE was activated. An estimated 14.9 pounds of VOCs were recovered by the system. SVE system was shut down on July 31, 2003. Groundwater monitoring continued until May 2006 when closure requirements were met.

Next Steps:
A Site Rehabilitation Completion Report was issued for the site on February 22, 2007.

Cost to Design and Implement:
Design: $21,300 Implementation: $40,000

Costs

Cost for Assessment:
  $128,800
Cost for Operation and Maintenance:
  Operation & maintenance (includes monitoring): $51,500
Total Costs for Cleanup:
  $241,600

Lessons Learned

Soil vapor extraction wells need to be located as near the contaminant source as possible. They can be installed and effectively operated in the limited space of an active drycleaning facility.

Contacts

Aaron Cohen
Florida Dept. of Environmental Protection
Bureau of Waste Cleanup, MS 4500
2600 Blair Stone Road
Tallahassee, Florida 32399
850-245-8974
Aaron.Cohen@dep.state.fl.us

Gregg Roberts, PG
Shaw Environmental, Inc.
725 U.S. Highway 301 South
Tampa, Florida 33619-4349
Phone: (813) 612-3687
Gregg.Roberts@shawgrp.com

Site Specific References

Site Assessment Report - January 2001

Remedial Action Plan - August 8, 2001

Construction Completion Report - June 13, 2002

O&M Reports: 2002-2003

Monitoring Reports: 2004 - 2006

 

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