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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
U.S. EPA Technology Innovation and Field Services Division

State Coalition for Remediation of Drycleaners Site Profiles

Elite Cleaners, Boca Raton, Florida

Description
Historical activity that resulted in contamination.

Drycleaning using PCE was performed at this facility from April of 1990 until February 2000. The facility was located in a bay of a strip mall. The site is located in a mixed retail commercial/residential setting. The identified contaminant source areas are the area outside the service door of the facility and a sanitary sewer line junction.

Remediation Status: Site closed


Contaminants
Contaminants present and the highest amount detected in both soil and groundwater.


Contaminant Media Concentration (ppb) Nondetect
Tetrachloroethene (PCE) groundwater
Tetrachloroethene (PCE) soil
Trichloroethene (TCE) groundwater

Site Hydrology

Deepest Significant Groundwater Contamination:   61ft bgs
Plume Size:   Plume Length: 260ft
Plume Width: 135ft
Plume Thickness: 50ft
Average Depth to Groundwater:   11.36ft

Lithology and Subsurface Geology

 
  fine-grained quartz sand
Depth: 0-32ft bgs
32ft thick
Conductivity: 50ft/day
Gradient: 0.0007ft/ft
 
  fine to medium-grained quartz & carbonate sand
Depth: 32-38ft bgs
6ft thick
 
  fine-grained quartz sandstone with shells
Depth: 38-42ft bgs
4ft thick
 
  fine to medium-grained quartz & cabonate sand with shells
Depth: 42-56ft bgs
14ft thick

Pathways and DNAPL Presence

checkGroundwater
Sediments
checkSoil
DNAPL Present

Remediation Scenario

Cleanup Goals:
  Groundwater: PCE = 3 ug/l, TCE = 3 ug/l

Soil: PCE = 30 ug/kg

Technologies

In Situ Bioremediation
 

Why the technology was selected:
Biostimulation pilot study (HRC/potassium lactate) was implemented because anaerobic conditions were present in groundwater and some contaminant degradation had occurred (TCE was present). The site appeared to be carbon limited.

Date implemented:
Biostimulation pilot study: Injection occurred on September 9, 2004.

Final remediation design:
Two injection points were utilized for the biostimulation pilot study. Both of these injection points were installed in the service alley located behind the former drycleaning facility. HRC was injected continuously via direct push technology using a grout pump over the interval 11-20 ft BLS. Injection was 4lbs. of HRC per foot or a total of 36 lbs. of HRC. Ethyl lactate was injected in a 2-inch diameter PVC well screened 10-20 ft BLS. A total of 570 gallons of a 600 mg/l solution or 0.33 gallons of ethyl lactate were injected using a centrifugal pump. A bromide trace was using in both injectants.

Results to date:
The SVE system was deactivated on March 21, 2006. An estimated 2.4 lbs. of VOCs were recovered. No PCE daughter products other than TCE were detected in groundwater samples after the HRC/potassium lactate injection.

Next Steps:
The site has met the No Further Action criteria (without engineering or institutional controls) and a Site Rehabilitation Completion Order will be issued.

Cost to Design and Implement:
All technologies: Design: $63,100 Installation & Startup: $72,100

In Situ Soil Vapor Extraction
 

Why the technology was selected:
Soil vapor extraction was selected because it is an effective technology for removing VOCs from permeable unsaturated sediments.

Date implemented:
SVE: November 22, 2004

Final remediation design:
The soil vapor extraction system employed three 4-inch diameter vertical PVC vapor extraction wells screened 3-10 ft BLS. The system was powered by a 15 HP regenerative blower. Vapor phase contaminants were treated with a 140 lb. G.A.C. vessel. The design flow rate for the system was 360 scfm. The estimated wellhead vacuum for each well was 7 inches of water-guage with a design radius of influence of 17 feet.

Results to date:
The SVE system was deactivated on March 21, 2006. An estimated 2.4 lbs. of VOCs were recovered. No PCE daughter products other than TCE were detected in groundwater samples after the HRC/potassium lactate injection.

Next Steps:
The site has met the No Further Action criteria (without engineering or institutional controls) and a Site Rehabilitation Completion Order will be issued.

Cost to Design and Implement:
All technologies: Design: $63,100 Installation & Startup: $72,100

Ex Situ Carbon Adsorption
 

Date implemented:
SVE: November 22, 2004

Final remediation design:
The soil vapor extraction system employed three 4-inch diameter vertical PVC vapor extraction wells screened 3-10 ft BLS. The system was powered by a 15 HP regenerative blower. Vapor phase contaminants were treated with a 140 lb. G.A.C. vessel. The design flow rate for the system was 360 scfm. The estimated wellhead vacuum for each well was 7 inches of water-guage with a design radius of influence of 17 feet.

Results to date:
The SVE system was deactivated on March 21, 2006. An estimated 2.4 lbs. of VOCs were recovered. No PCE daughter products other than TCE were detected in groundwater samples after the HRC/potassium lactate injection.

Next Steps:
The site has met the No Further Action criteria (without engineering or institutional controls) and a Site Rehabilitation Completion Order will be issued.

Cost to Design and Implement:
All technologies: Design: $63,100 Installation & Startup: $72,100

Costs

Cost for Assessment:
  $129,200
Cost for Operation and Maintenance:
  Operation & Maintenance (includes monitoring): $53,600 Site Restoration (estimated): $5,000
Total Costs for Cleanup:
  $323,000

Lessons Learned

It appears that operation of the soil vapor extraction system rather than the limited biostimulation was responsible for closing the site.

Contacts

Aaron Cohen
Florida Dept. of Environmental Protection
Bureau of Waste Cleanup, MS 4500
2600 Blair Stone Road
Tallahassee, Florida 32399
850-245-8974
Aaron.Cohen@dep.state.fl.us

Guy Frearson, consultant
Metcalf & Eddy AECOM
13450 West Sunrise Boulevard, Suite 200
Sunrise, Florida 33323

Phone: (9540 745-7211
E-mail: Guy.Frearson@M-E.aecom.com

Site Specific References

Site Assessment Report - May 2001
Remedial Action Plan (SVE) - June 2004
Bioremediation Pilot Study Report - May 2005
Operation & Maintenance Reports - 2005-2006

Groundwater Monitoring Reports

 

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