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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
U.S. EPA Technology Innovation and Field Services Division

Evapotranspiration Covers

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Additional Resources
Designing, Building, & Regulating Evapotranspiration (ET) Landfill Covers, March 9-10, 2004
This Remediation Technologies Development Forum (RTDF) meeting discussed the state of development of evapotranspiration (ET) landfill cover systems and focus on the design, construction, and regulation of such systems.
The PLANTS Database
USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service Web site. The PLANTS Database provides standardized information about the vascular plants, mosses, liverworts, hornworts, and lichens of the U.S. and its territories.
Fact Sheet on Evapotranspiration Cover Systems for Waste Containment
USEPA, EPA 542-F-11-001, 28pp, 2011.
This Fact Sheet updates the 2003 Fact Sheet on Evapotranspiration Covers and provides information on the regulatory setting for ET covers, general considerations in their design, performance, and monitoring, and status at the time of writing (2011). Also several examples with supporting performance data are provided, as well as a list of sites that have proposed, approved, and installed ET covers.
Proceedings of the Workshop on Engineered Barrier Performance Related to Low-Level Radioactive Waste, Decommissioning, and Uranium Mill Tailings Facilities
Nicholson, T.J. and H.D. Arlt.
NUREG/CP-0195, 249 pp, 2011
The workshop's agenda focused on engineered surface covers (including ET covers) and bottom liners. Topics included engineered barrier performance, modeling, monitoring, and regulatory experiences at low-level radioactive waste, decommissioning, and uranium mill tailings sites.
Regional Workshop: Introduction to Phytotechnologies and Water Balance (Evapotranspiration) Covers, December 14 & 15, 2011, San Francisco, California
U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development (ORD), Mar 2012
This 2-day workshop covered the basic principles for growing plant systems for environmental remediation, alternative cover design, soil selection, construction, and monitoring, along with case studies and discussions of regulatory issues. The presentation materials and additional modeling information are posted.

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