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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
U.S. EPA Technology Innovation and Field Services Division

Phytotechnology Project Profiles

Phytoremediation at Oregon Poplar Site in Oregon
Last Updated: June 2007
Site Information                                                      
Site Name, Location:   Oregon Poplar, Clackamas, OR, United States
Site Type:   Dumping-Unauthorized
Is this a Federal
Superfund Site?
  No
Is this a Federal or
Military Site?
  No


Project Information                                                      
Project Name:   Phytoremediation at Oregon Poplar Site in Oregon
Site History and Background:   Contamination at the site is probably the result of illegal dumping activities. Site had been an abandoned, grassy field for many years prior to commencement of the phytoremediation project. It is estimated that 8,100 cubic yards of contaminated soils was excavated from the site in 1995 as part of an interim remedial action measure. There has been no pressure to develop this parcel for immediate land use.
Scale:   Pilot/Field Demonstration
Project Status:   Ongoing
Project Start Date:   1997
Media Treated:  
Media Qty. Geology Comments
Ground Water A small stream runs parallel to the southwest boundary of the planted area, downgradient of the contaminated soil and ground water. The shallow ground water at the site was measured between 2 and 10 feet bgs and varies with seasonal precipitation. Shallow soils are made up of silty clay to depths of about 10 feet bgs. Below this silty clay is 15 to 20 feet of poorly sorted gravel-to-cobble, with hydraulic conductivity ranging from 2 to 10 feet/day in the gravel and 0.1 to 3 feet/day in the silty clay. The shallow water is locally confined beneath the site and is in hydraulic contact with the creek.
Contaminants Treated:  
Contaminant Initial
Concentration
Depth Media Comments
1,1-Dichloroethane Ground Water
1,1-Dichloroethene Ground Water
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene Ground Water
Ethylbenzene Ground Water
Tetrachloroethene Ground Water
Vinyl chloride Ground Water
Toluene Ground Water
Trichloroethene Ground Water
Benzene-toluene-ethylbenzene-xylene (BTEX) Ground Water
Xylene Ground Water
Phytotechnology Mechanism(s):   Phytoremediation
Plants and other Vegetation Used:   Hybrid Poplar
Planting Description:   Trees were planted using 12- to 18- inch dormant hardwood cuttings or live stakes. Two hybrid poplar clones (P. deltoidesx trichcarpa) and two clones of a native poplar species were installed. Large blocks of the same clone were planted together for future comparison of growth and phytoremediation capabilities.
Planting Area:   3-4 acres
Performance Data:   Trichloroethylene, PCE, and/or cis-dichloroethylene were found in the tissue or transpiration gas of three of the four trees examined in 2002, indicating that the tress are utilizing ground water or soil contaminated with these compounds. The largest trees at the site have done extremely well. The larger poplars within the plot had trunk diameters more than 4 inches at breast height.
Cost of the Phytotechnology Project:   Not available
Comments:   Further monitoring is needed, but the trees have done well and are removing contaminants. This site is ideal because of excellent poplar growing conditions found in Pacific Northwest, shallow ground water, contaminant type, and low risk posed by contaminants.

Point(s) of Contact                                                                      
    Harry Compton
Environmental Response Team, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
United States
Telephone: 732-321-6751
E-mail: compton.harry@epa.gov

George Prince
Environmental Response Team, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NJ United States
Telephone: 732-321-6649
E-mail: prince.george@epa.gov

Scott Fredericks
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
VA United States
Telephone: 703-603-8771
E-mail: fredericks.scott@epa.gov

Christopher Gussman
Lockheed Martin/REAC
NJ United States
Telephone: N/A
E-mail: christopher.d.gussman@lmco.com

Information Source(s):   Compton, H.R.; George R. Prince; Scott C. Fredericks; Christopher D. Gussman. 2003. Phytoremediation of Dissolved Phase Organic Compounds: Optimal Site Considerations Relative Field Case Studies. Remediation Summer 2003, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Published online in Wiley Interscience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/rem.10072. Web Address: www.interscience.wiley.com
www.interscience.wiley.com

Associated Vendor(s) or Consultant(s):   U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Lockheed Martin Corporation
 

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