Technology Innovation News Survey

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New England District, Concord, MA
Contract Opportunities at SAM.gov, Solicitation W912WJ22R0011, 2022

When the solicitation is issued on or about late April 2022, it will be a total small business set-aside under NAICS code 562910. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New England District, requires a contractor for an in-situ thermal remediation (ISTR) effort at the Former Nike Battery & Disaster Training Village Area Formerly Used Defense Site (FUDS) in North Kingstown, Rhode Island. This project consists of pre-remediation design and execution of ISTR within the FUDS Source Area to reduce the mass of contamination of CVOCs contributing to the downgradient groundwater plume. This is not a request for proposal at this time. The contract for this effort is expected to be a firm-fixed price, single-award Indefinite Delivery-Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ) contract with a five-year-period of performance and a capacity of $25 million. https://sam.gov/opp/29bc7c8476c648cfaf9d4dcb115e862c/view

U.S. Department of Energy, Environmental Business Center, Cincinnati, OH
Contract Opportunities at SAM.gov, Solicitation 89303320REM000081, 2022

This is a full and open competition under NAICS code 562211. The U.S. Department of Energy requires long-term management and storage of domestic elemental mercury waste to meet the requirements of the Mercury Export Ban Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-414), as amended by the Frank R. Lautenberg Chemical Safety for the 21st Century Act (MEBA). Activities include: providing a lease-hold interest in a facility capable of receiving, inspecting, handling, and storing elemental mercury in accordance with applicable requirements; developing and executing a receipt/verification process for the acceptance of elemental mercury and elemental mercury containers; developing and executing standards and procedures for the operation of the elemental mercury storage facility, and maintaining a RCRA permit for the long term storage of elemental mercury for the duration of the contract. The award will be a hybrid Firm-Fixed-Price and Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ) contract under which Firm-Fixed-Price task orders will be issued on the fixed unit prices of the Contract Line Item Numbers (CLINs). Proposals are due by 2:00 pm EDT on May 6, 2022. https://sam.gov/opp/e5df0f8d57144a36905399289f981bd5/view

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Regional Office, Portland, OR
Contract Opportunities at SAM.gov, Solicitation 140F0322R0009, 2022

This is a total small business set-aside under NAICS code 562910. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service requires demolition services for two structures at a remote cabin site located at Amchitka Island in Alaska. Work includes the removal and proper off-island disposal of all asbestos, lead-based paint, and fuel-contaminated soil at a State/federally approved disposal facility; the testing of lead-based paint construction materials to meet EPA-regulated shipping and disposal criteria for both lead and asbestos, as applicable; the excavation of fuel-contaminated soil from an area previously identified in earlier contaminant investigations; and the collection of samples from the area of fuel-contaminated soil following excavation and removal to compare with Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation Method Two cleanup levels. The period of performance will be May through November of 2022. Offers are due by 2:00 PM AKDT on April 27, 2022. https://sam.gov/opp/e2eded90966a4f94875cc2cfa9fae3cf/view

U.S. Department of the Navy, Naval Facilities Engineering Systems Command-Southwest, San Diego, CA
Contract Opportunities at SAM.gov, Solicitation N6247322R3432, 2022

This is a total small business set-aside under NAICS code 562910. The Naval Facilities Engineering Systems Command-Southwest seeks to obtain range sustainment and remediation (RSR) services for the Navy, Marine Corps, and other Department of Defense (DoD) and Government Agencies. Work will be executed predominately at active ranges. Work may also occur at other locations including: inactive ranges, Formerly Used Defense Sites, Military Munition Response Program sites, Small Arms Ranges, and/or any area on a government installation or parcel or other property. The main focus of this contract is the performance of range sustainment projects including but not limited to: range clearance, inspection, demilitarization/mutilation, certification/verification and recycling or disposal of munitions, munitions debris, target scrap and all material considered Material Potentially Possessing an Explosive Hazard (hereby referred to as Processing); unexploded ordnance (UXO) explosive demolition/venting/ and clearance; UXO anomaly avoidance; range component design, layout/reconfiguration; range alteration, renovation, minor range construction; consumable target procurement, removal, replacement, modification, and/or remediation. Work may also include small arms range sustainment including, but not limited to, range reconfiguration and repair, and various berm/backstop work including projectile mining, abatement, and restoration services. Projects may also include, but are not limited to, assessment and remediation of MMRP sites, restoration and/or remediation of formerly used defense sites to include both munitions' components and/or hazardous, toxic, and radiological waste components separately. Also included are emergency aircraft mishap response and cleanup, and UXO avoidance and escort services which may occur on active or inactive ranges or any area where UXO hazards are perceived as present. The period of performance for this firm fixed-price multiple award Indefinite Delivery, Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ) contract includes a 24-month base ordering period with two options years and one option to extend ordering for six months. Offers are due by 1:00 PM PDT on May 5, 2022. https://sam.gov/opp/26259c07fa7a408b834b839336899972/view

Knox, A.S., M.H. Paller, J.C. Seaman, J. Mayer, and C. Nicholson.
Science of The Total Environment 796:149062(2021)

Metal removal, distribution, and retention in the A-01 WTS, designed to remove metals from the effluent at the A-01 National Pollution Discharge Elimination System outfall at the Savannah River site, was investigated. Systematic water and sediment sampling validated the wetlands' performance over 20 years. After passing through the treatment cells, Cu concentrations were below permit limits during all years of operation, often falling below 10 µg/L. Removal has been consistent over time, averaging ~80% despite large changes in influent Cu concentrations. Most divalent metals were rapidly removed from the water and held in the sediments shortly after the water entered the treatment wetland. Average Pb removal from water by the wetland system was 67 and 74%, and comparable values for Zn were 52 and 65% in 2004 and 2020, respectively. Generally, the highest concentrations of Cu, Pb, and Zn were found in the sediment from the first cell in each pair of cells, suggesting that most of the Cu, Pb, and Zn in the A-01 effluent were bound to the sediment quickly. Diffusive gradients in thin films measurements of Cu and Zn in the sediments were much lower than bulk sediment concentrations. Results suggest that most Cu and Zn in the A-01 WTS sediment were not bioavailable or toxic to aquatic organisms, as a likely consequence of adsorption to sediment particles and complexation with organic and inorganic substances.

Bell, C.H., J. Wong, K. Parsons, W. Semel, J. McDonough, and K. Gerber.
Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation [Published online 5 March 2022 before print]

In-situ propane biosparging was applied full-scale to treat 1,4-dioxane at the Vandenberg Space Force Base in California. The full-scale treatment system was installed after conducting pilot tests, stable isotope testing, and rebound testing. The biosparge system supplies air and propane at an average of 5 kg (11 lbs) propane/day to a network of 97 biosparge wells, or 52 g (0.11 lbs) propane/day/biosparge well. In addition, a bioaugmentation culture and macronutrients were delivered to the subsurface. After ~6 months of operation, 1,4-dioxane was reduced by ≤99.2%, with an average global reduction of 64.1% across a treatment area of ~30.5 by 61 m (100 by 200 ft). More information: https://denix.osd.mil/awards/previous-years/2018secdef/environmental-restoration-installation/vandenberg-air-force-base-california/

Hart, S.T, R.A. Bertolo, M.S. Agostini, R. Feig, P. Lojkasek-Lima, J.C.R. Gouvea, Jr. F.S. Barreto, and R. Aravena. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 245:103940(2022)

Chlorinated ethanes and ethenes isotopic analyses in groundwater and hydrogeochemical results from a former industrial area in Sao Paulo were used to confirm the existence and further characterize source areas and commingled plumes before and after thermal and bioremediation. An off-site source area with unknown history and limited access for further intrusive works presented lower δv13C values (-6.5‰ to -1.8‰ for 1,2-DCA) than the downgradient on-site source area (8.6‰ to 20.0‰) before full-scale remediation. Intermediate δ13C values for 1,2-DCA were identified further downgradient from the sources within commingled plume patterns. The isotope and concentration results show the typical degradation patterns associated with biotic reductive dechlorination for chlorinated ethenes and dihaloelimination for 1,2-DCA. Results following remediation treatments show further levels of isotopic enrichment for chlorinated ethenes and chlorinated ethanes in the tropically weathered and deeper fractured bedrock (gneisses) groundwater. Hydrogeochemical results, isotopic mass balance, and carbon-chlorine isotope slopes data were coherent with remediation treatment and a complex commingled plume setting. Results confirmed the temporal conceptual model and identified the need to further evaluate isotopic dynamics under thermal remediation, including thermal-induced hydrolysis processes. Read the into and section snippets at https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0169772221001790

Mazzarese, M. ǀ SMART Remediation 3 February, virtual, 17 slides, 2022

The new CAT 100 product and its application at three chlorinated solvent sites with suspected or measured DNAPL are reviewed in this presentation. CAT 100 is a biologically enhanced version of the Trap and Treat® BOS 100® technology, combining activated carbon impregnated with metallic iron, a complex carbohydrate (time-release substrate), a consortium designed to degrade chlorinated solvents, and a second consortium designed to breakdown the polymeric carbohydrate to monomeric fragments. These smaller substrate fragments are then efficiently used by the CVOC degraders. Site 1 was a former drycleaning facility where a large PCE plume impacted groundwater on and off-site. CAT 100 and BOS 100 were applied as part of a large-scale remediation program following remedial design characterization. At site 2, CAT 100 was successfully implemented as part of a combined remedy strategy with BOS 100 and sodium permanganate to treat elevated levels of TCE in a shallow fine-grained aquifer at a former industrial facility. Site 3, a former chemical plant that stored hydrogen peroxide, MIBC, PCE, acetone, ethanol, and diesel fuel was remediated using a phased approach that combined remedies. The interim corrective action included 1) an off-site in-situ permeable reactive barrier utilizing BOS 100® to capture dissolved impacts and 2) shallow soil mixing using activated persulfate (lime activation) to mitigate unsaturated soil impacts adjacent to source media. In addition, five phases of CAT 100 injections were completed. At all sites, there was a ≥95% reduction in chlorinated solvents after treatment. https://2ziapbmm3zh1x23mj335vjxt-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/SMART-Remediation-Virtual-Feb-3-2022-Mike-Mazzarese.pdf

Power, C., J.I. Gerhard, and P. Tsourlos ǀ The Remplex Virtual Global Summit, 8-12 November, virtual, 18 minutes, 2021

This presentation summarizes numerical, laboratory, and field studies that assess time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) potential to improve DNAPL remediation monitoring. A coupled DNAPL-ERT numerical model was developed to explore time-lapse ERT to monitor a range of realistic DNAPL remediation scenarios at field scale. Lab tank experiments were also conducted to assess a new surface-to-horizontal borehole configuration for improved ERT mapping of DNAPL remediation. ERT was used to successfully monitor a DNAPL source zone undergoing thermal remediation at an industrial field site in New Jersey. The work demonstrated that ERT is promising for mapping DNAPL remediation, benefitting from recent advancements in this technique, including data acquisition, instrumentation, and inversion. View a recording of the webinar at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q15QKcptcZo&t=2s

Flores-Orozco, A., J. Gallistl, and M. Bucker.
The Remplex Virtual Global Summit, 8-12 November, virtual, 13 minutes, 2021

Complex conductivity (CC) results from a field-scale experiment are presented, including data collected from the injection of Goethite nanoparticles (GNP) to degrade toluene and data from the injection of microscale zero-valent iron (mZVI) particles to treat a chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons plume. Electrodes were placed on the surface to collect CC measurements using a measuring protocol designed to collect a complete data set within 15 minutes. For both tests, initially, high electrical conductivity values associated with the mature contaminant plumes decreased due to the injection of the GNP and mZVI solutions. Unexpectedly, large variations in the electrical images were resolved in the unsaturated zone and close to the surface. Analyzing affected sediments revealed accumulated particles due to migration through fractures developed during injection, confirmed by daylighting observed in wells upgradient from the injection point. Increases in conductivity phase values indicated the degradation of the brush layer (coating mZVI) and interactions with the contaminants. Results demonstrate that CC imaging may assess the path of the injected particles and their transformation in real-time. View a recording of the webinar athttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1oO1CIMbfHw

Demenev, A., N. Maksimovich, V. Khmurchik, G. Rogovskiy, A. Rogovskiy, and A. Baryshnikov. ǀ Water 14:192(2022)

A study assessed the biodegradation efficiency of TPH in situ in an area with loam and sandy loam soils and identified features and characteristics related to groundwater treatment in an area with a persistent flow of pollutants. Biostimulation (oxygen as a stimulatory supplement) and bioaugmentation methods improved water quality. Oxygen was added to the groundwater by diffusion through silicone tubing. Groundwater treatment efficiency was determined by detailed monitoring. Implementing the applied measure resulted in an average TPH reduction of 73.1% compared with the initial average concentration (4.33 mg/L). In the local area, TPH content was reduced by 95.5%. Further studies are needed to provide more data and details on the efficiency of groundwater treatment under adverse geological conditions. https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/2/192/pdf

Tu, Y., D. Zhao, Y. Gong, Z. Li, H. Deng, and X. Liu.
Journal of Hazardous Materials 426:127791(2022)

A new remediation technology was tested using Fe₂O₃, MnO₂, and Mg(OH)₂ (molar ratio = 1.0:5.5:5.5) to immobilize As(III) and Pb(II) in contaminated soil at an abandoned chemical plant site. Field monitoring data indicated that the amendment served as a pH buffer and a long-term sequester for As and Pb in the soil. At a 3 wt% dosage, the acid-leachable As and Pb decreased from 0.042-0.077 mg/L and 0.013-0.022 mg/L to 0.0062-0.0093 mg/L and 0.0030-0.0080 mg/L, respectively, after one day of amendment, and further decreased to 0.0020-0.0050 mg/L and 0.0020-0.0054 mg/L after 240 days of aging. As(III) was oxidized to As(V) and subsequently immobilized via complexation and precipitation. Pb(II) was sequestered via electrostatic attraction and chemical precipitation. Results indicate that complex contaminants in soil can be effectively immobilized using combined amending agents that can interact with the target chemicals and induce synergistic immobilization reactions.

Wang, Q., X. Song, C. Wei, P. Jin, X. Chen, Z. Tang, K. Li, X. Ding, and H. Fu.
Science of The Total Environment 805:150260(2022)

A field-scale study investigated the performance of a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) to remediate Cr(VI) contaminated groundwater in situ and the responses in the indigenous microbial community. The PRB consisted of zero-valent iron (ZVI), gravel, and sand. Results showed that the PRB segment with 20% ZVI successfully reduced Cr(VI) via chemical reduction from 27.29-242.65 mg/L to below the 0.1 mg/L cleanup goal and can be scaled up under field conditions. ZVI induced significant changes in the indigenous microbial community structure and compositions in the PRB. Cr(VI)-reducing bacteria were enriched downgradient of the PRB, indicating that Cr(VI) can bio-reduce to Cr(III). Cr(VI) bio-reduction could serve as a secondary mechanism to remove Cr(VI) from contaminated groundwater and may extend the lifetime of a PRB. The main environmental factors influencing the subsurface microbial community compositions were dissolved oxygen, pH, Cr(VI) level, oxidation-reduction potential, and temperature.

Mattes, T.E., J.M. Ewald, Y. Liang, A. Martinez, A.M. Awad, K.C. Hornbuckle, and J.L. Schnoor. ǀ Data Brief 39:107546(2021)

The potential for aerobic and anaerobic microbial natural attenuation of PCBs in freshwater sediments is described by duplicate PCB congener, quantitative PCR, and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing datasets generated from 27 sediment samples collected from a PCB-contaminated freshwater lagoon. PCBs in sediment samples were extracted using hexane, and the concentrations of 209 PCB congeners were measured by gas chromatography with a tandem mass spectrometry detection. DNA was extracted from sediment samples and used for qPCR and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Dehalococcoides and putative dechlorinating Chloroflexi 16S rRNA genes, reductive dehalogenase (rdhA), biphenyl dioxygenase (bphA) functional genes associated with aerobic and anaerobic PCB biodegradation, and the total 16S rRNA genes abundances were determined by SYBR green qPCR. The microbial community composition and structure in all sediment samples were obtained by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Primers targeting the 16S rRNA gene V4 region were used to produce 16S rRNA gene amplicons that were sequenced with the high-throughput Illumina MiSeq platform and sequencing chemistry. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing dataset and PCB congener and qPCR datasets included as metadata could be reused in meta-analyses that aim to determine microbial community interactions in contaminated environments and uncover relationships between microbial community structure and environmental variables, such as PCB congener concentrations.

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Brief 327, 2 pp, 2022

Researchers developed a new computational approach to predict how hazardous substances may affect health based on key changes in cells. Machine learning and advanced algorithms linked biological changes from high throughput cell studies with health outcomes observed in animal studies. By identifying and prioritizing a few key biomarkers, the team aimed to reduce the complexity in traditional toxicity screening methods, which are costly and time-consuming. Researchers conducted two case studies to test whether their identified biomarkers could predict health outcomes. The first focused on cancer biomarkers in rodents, and the second looked at genetic toxicity in bacteria. In both case studies, the most widely used biomarkers by government agencies were tested to evaluate the ability of chemicals to cause genetic changes that may lead to cancer. A computational approach was used to evaluate a library of 38 proteins involved in DNA damage and repair activities. This approach identified five out of the 38 proteins as the most relevant biomarkers in rodents and five as the best predictive markers for genetic toxicology studies using bacteria. A classification algorithm (support vector machine) to the case studies was applied to assess the performance of these biomarkers to predict carcinogenic and genetic toxicity. Using only the top five biomarkers, the team reported 76% accuracy in classifying and predicting chemicals that cause cancer in rodents and 70% accuracy in predicting genetic toxicity in bacteria. Their findings have important implications for achieving the goals of the Tox21 Initiative, a federal collaboration to develop alternative, non-animal methods to quickly and efficiently test thousands of chemicals for potential health effects.https://tools.niehs.nih.gov/srp/1/ResearchBriefs/pdfs/SRP_ResearchBrief_327_508.pdf

Chiang, D., Q. Huang, S. Liang, and J. Zhou. SERDP Project ER18-1278, 99 pp, 2022

A novel treatment train that combines electrocoagulation (EC) with electrochemical oxidation (EO) treatment to remove and degrade PFAS, including PFAAs and their organic co-contaminants, in contaminated groundwater was developed. PFAS and co-contaminants were sorbed and concentrated on the flocs formed through EC, then dissolved in a low volume of acidic solution releasing PFAS into the same acidic solution. PFAS were then destroyed effectively by the EO process. A lab bench study was conducted to verify and optimize the performance of EC and separate PFAS and co-contaminants from flocs. An additional lab bench study was conducted combining the individual treatment processes in an integral train to evaluate its performance. The spiked water system and DoD site groundwater were evaluated in the two studies. https://www.serdp-estcp.org/content/download/54749/537472/file/ER18-1278%20Final%20Report.pdf

Johnson, R.L. and P.G. Tratnyek. SERDP Project ER-2621, 88 pp, 2021

This project aimed to develop tools to measure and predict in situ abiotic reduction rates of groundwater contaminants of concern (CoCs). Well-preserved field cores were collected using the cryogenic core collection technique and tested to assess abiotic reduction rates. Two independent but complementary measurement approaches were used. The first involves a reactivity probe to measure carbon tetrachloride abiotic reduction rates in batch experiments. The second involves carefully measuring reduction potential using a platinum electrode and electron shuttle molecules that facilitate electrical contact between the electrode and the surfaces of aquifer solids in slurried samples. The reactivity and reduction potential measurements for each sample were plotted to demonstrate a correlation that could be used to predict reaction rate. The work also demonstrated that the predictive power of this approach could be enhanced by including pH in the correlation equation. To examine the processes of freezing and storage, the reactivity of materials taken from laboratory columns operated under iron and sulfate-reducing conditions after being frozen and stored for 60 days were compared to samples that had never been frozen. The project resulted in an approach where core samples from field sites can be quickly assessed to determine the rate at which abiotic reduction is likely to occur in situ. This assessment can be accomplished either by directly measuring reactivity in batch tests or by carefully measuring reduction potential and using a correlation equation. Steps to further develop this approach include expanding its use at field sites, comparing to other methods for estimating abiotic reactivity, expanding the range of reactivity probes to include other CoCs, and characterizing the relationship between reduction products and the mineral phases that control their formation. https://www.serdp-estcp.org/content/download/53164/523119/file/ER-2621%20Final%20Report.pdf

Barber, L.B., K.E. Faunce, D.W. Bertolatus, M.L. Hladik, J.R. Jasmann, S.H. Keefe, D.W. Kolpin, M.T. Meyer, J.L. Rapp, D.A. Roth, and A.M. Vajda.
Environmental Science & Technology 56(2):845-861(2022)

On-site mobile lab experiments were conducted to evaluate the biological effects of exposure to chemical mixtures on aquatic organisms in the Shenandoah River Watershed. Of 534 inorganic and organic constituents that were analyzed, 273 were detected. A watershed-scale accumulated wastewater model was developed to predict environmental concentrations of chemicals derived from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to assess potential aquatic organism exposure for all stream reaches in the watershed. Measured and modeled concentrations generally were within a factor of 2. Ecotoxicological effects from exposure to individual components of the chemical mixture were evaluated using risk quotients (RQs) based on measured or predicted environmental concentrations and no effect concentrations or chronic toxicity threshold values. Of the 273 constituents, 72% had RQ values <0.1, indicating limited risk from individual chemicals. When individual RQs were aggregated into a risk index, most stream reaches receiving WWTP effluent posed a potential risk to aquatic organisms from exposure to complex chemical mixtures.

Sacker, J., C. Scala, and S. Rosansky. NAVFAC Technical Report TR-NAVFAC-EXWC-ENV-2115, 49 pp, 2021

This review was conducted to identify specific examples where optimization concepts and best practices advocated for petroleum site management were successfully implemented at Department of the Navy sites. Optimization helps to set petroleum sites on a path toward meeting remedial action objectives and achieving response completion. Optimization can be applied across all phases of the cleanup process to increase efficiency, reduce costs, accelerate cleanup timeframes, and improve sustainability metrics.https://www.navfac.navy.mil/content/dam/navfac/Specialty%20Centers/Engineering%20and%20Expeditionary%20Warfare%20Center/Environmental/Restoration/er_pdfs/o/CASE%20STUDY%20REVIEW%20OF%20OPTIMIZATION%20PRACTICES%20AT%20NAVY%20PETROLEUM%20SITES%20SEP2021%20FINAL.pdf

Office of Land and Emergency Management, EPA 542-F-22-001, 6 pp, 2022

In line with the renewed Agency emphasis on sustainability and climate change resilience and mitigation, the Superfund Program is updating the green remediation best management practice (BMP) fact sheets for the most common remedies in the Superfund program. These fact sheets aim to share technical information on best practices that build sustainability into contaminated site cleanup operations across the portfolio of remediation approaches. The updated fact sheet on integrating renewable energy describes and illustrates the use of BMPs involving multiple applications of a site's solar, wind, or geothermal resources at varying scales. It also addresses the need to assess and optimize energy usage of an existing or anticipated remediation system in advance of renewable energy planning and describes approaches to purchasing green power generated by other parties. The fact sheet highlights synergies between green remediation and climate adaptation practices, where one action provides both greenhouse gas mitigation and climate resilience. https://clu-in.org/greenremediation/docs/GR_fact_sheet_renewable_energy.pdf

Higgins, C. and D. Sedlak. SERDP & ESTCP Webinar Series, Webinar #145, December 2021

SERDP and ESTCP sponsored two webinars on DoD-funded research to differentiate between PFAS sources detected in impacted water. Investigators discussed two approaches to differentiate between aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) and non-AFFF sources. The first project investigated whether different types of sources have sufficiently different relative abundances of PFAS compounds such that a general chemical "fingerprint" of each source is created. The presenters discussed the development of a targeted method that measures the relatively few PFAS compounds contained in the "Forensic LC-MS/MS PFAS Panel" to differentiate between most AFFF and non-AFFF sources. A database of PFAS abundance in discrete PFAS sources is being created to advance this forensic panel. This database will be combined with a comprehensive PFAS transformation pathway map to establish the context and linkages between specific PFAS and discrete sources, multivariate analyses for PFAS source allocation, and a curated high-resolution mass spectrometry PFAS library. The second presentation focused on approaches to increase confidence in results from the total oxidizable precursor (TOP) assay and to expand it to provide additional information that can be used for PFAS source forensics. The PFAS forensics tools developed under this project will be accessible to researchers and practitioners in specialized instrumentation situations. https://www.serdp-estcp.org/Tools-and-Training/Webinar-Series/12-09-2021

John Horst, Craig Divine, Joe Quinnan, Johnsie Lang, Erika Carter, Theresa Guillette, Vivek Pulikkal ǀ Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation 42(1):13-23(2022

This article focuses on innovations and developing technologies tailored to the needs and challenges associated with the characterization of PFAS sites. The discussion reviews five innovative technologies, including passive and no-purge samplers for efficient routine monitoring, passive flux meters to characterize PFAS mass discharge, mobile laboratories for quantitative screening and decision making, real-time sensors for rapid characterization and continuous monitoring, and novel analytical techniques for reliable detection in complex sample matrices.

Munn, J., C. Maldaner, and P. Pehme
The Remplex Virtual Global Summit, 8-12 November, virtual, 21 minutes, 2021

Several new high-resolution field methods were developed and tested to identify hydraulically active fractures in bedrock boreholes where sensors can be temporarily deployed behind FLUTe liners. These liners recreate ambient flow system conditions, improve sensitivity for active fracture identification, and identify aquitard occurrence from direct measurement of hydraulic head and flow. The updated discrete fracture-matrix field approach provides an expanded toolkit for creating process-based conceptual site models, reusing boreholes for effective monitoring zone placement, and optimizing site remediation costs. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E1KidwFjsuA&t=13783s