Divine, C.E., T. Roth, M. Crimi, A.C. DiMarco, M. Spurlin, J. Gillow, and G. Leone.
Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation 38(1):56-65(2018)

A new in situ remediation concept—the Horizontal Reactive Media Treatment Well (HRX Well®)—utilizes horizontal wells filled with reactive media (e.g., zero-valent iron, activated carbon, ion exchange resins, zeolite, apatite, chitin) for passive in situ treatment of contaminated groundwater. The horizontal wells generally are installed parallel to the direction of groundwater flow to leverage natural flow-focusing behavior induced by the high in-well hydraulic conductivity of the reactive media relative to the aquifer hydraulic conductivity. 3D flow and transport simulations showed that capture and treatment widths of up to tens of feet can be achieved for many aquifer settings, and reductions in downgradient concentrations and contaminant mass flux are nearly immediate. This paper is temporarily Free Access at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gwmr.12252/full. The HRX Well technology is currently in the process of demonstration and field validation under ESTCP project ER-201631: https://www.serdp-estcp.org/Program-Areas/Environmental-Restoration/Contaminated-Groundwater/Persistent-Contamination/ER-201631.