Taneez, M., C. Hurel, F. Mady, and P. Francour.
Environmental Pollution 239:714-721(2018)

Low-cost industrial by-products (bauxaline, steel slag, and a mixture of the two products) were applied as capping agents to inhibit mobilization of metals from contaminated sediments. Lab experiments in aquariums were performed to evaluate capping agent effects on Cd, Zn, As, and Cr mobility from an artificially contaminated marine sediment. Without capping, all the contaminants were constantly released, though release did not exceed 31% of the initial amount of pollutant. Capping sediment with steel slag, bauxaline, and their mixture totally captured Cd, Zn, and As. In the case of Cr, however, only steel slag actively blocked its release. A kinetic model was developed to model As and Cr release, with and without capping. The release times for Cr and As from the sediment were close to 6 days. In the presence of capping agents, the capture time for Cr was 57 days for steel slag and 7 days for bauxaline. Steel slag was considered the most effective capping agent. https://nephi.unice.fr/ftp/users/ecomers/2018/2018%20Taneez%20et%20al%20Capping.pdf