U.S. EPA Superfund Site Web Page, accessed November 2018

The 7.3-acre Ryeland Road Arsenic site is located in Berks County, Pennsylvania. Past operations contaminated soil and groundwater on part of the property with arsenic, lead, and other chemicals. In addition to excavation and removal of contaminated materials, a pilot study initiated in May 2007 determined that phytoextraction by ferns was a successful method to reduce arsenic in shallow soils and areas saturated by springs. Full-scale efforts have been ongoing since 2009. The ferns have demonstrated their effectiveness in over 30% of the area where arsenic contamination once existed along the stream. https://cumulis.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0301755 See additional information on this site at https://www.fws.gov/northeast/pafo/pdf/contaminants/Ryeland_Road.pdf.