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PASSIVE SAMPLING OF GROUNDWATER WELLS FOR DETERMINATION OF WATER CHEMISTRY: CHAPTER 8 OF SECTION D. WATER QUALITY, BOOK 1. COLLECTION OF WATER DATA BY DIRECT MEASUREMENT
Imbrigiotta, T.E. and P.T. Harte. Techniques and Methods 1-D8, 94 pp, 2020
Although passive samplers have been available for more than 15 years, their use by USGS hydrologists and hydrologic technicians to monitor groundwater quality largely has been limited to selected research studies. This report is an effort to expose personnel to passive samplers and their uses and develop a protocol for their use. The report focuses on three types of passive samplers (equilibrium-membrane type, equilibrium-thief type, and accumulation-type). It discusses the advantages and limitations of each as well as passive samplers in general. Report sections include Theories and Principles of Passive Samplers; Types of Passive Samplers; Considerations Prior to Use; Water Quality Sampling Considerations; Vertical Profiling; Decision Tools; Sampler Deployment, Retrieval, and Sample Collection; Data Reporting Procedures; Quality Assurance/Quality Control; and Data Evaluation. https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/01/d8/tm1d8.pdf
Although passive samplers have been available for more than 15 years, their use by USGS hydrologists and hydrologic technicians to monitor groundwater quality largely has been limited to selected research studies. This report is an effort to expose personnel to passive samplers and their uses and develop a protocol for their use. The report focuses on three types of passive samplers (equilibrium-membrane type, equilibrium-thief type, and accumulation-type). It discusses the advantages and limitations of each as well as passive samplers in general. Report sections include Theories and Principles of Passive Samplers; Types of Passive Samplers; Considerations Prior to Use; Water Quality Sampling Considerations; Vertical Profiling; Decision Tools; Sampler Deployment, Retrieval, and Sample Collection; Data Reporting Procedures; Quality Assurance/Quality Control; and Data Evaluation. https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/01/d8/tm1d8.pdf
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